Phases and Classifications of Matter

Solid takes definite ___ and ___

shape; volume

Liquid takes definite ____ and shape of its ___.

volume; container

Gas takes ___ and ___ of container.

shape; volume

Plasma is a ___ with many ___ particles (in ___ or ___

gas, charged, stars, lightning

Mass is the amount of ____ and doesn’t change on ___, whereas weight is the ___ of gravity on mass and changes on ____.

matter; location; force; location

The Law of Conversion of Matter states that in physical and chemical changes, total matter is ____, meaning there is ___ net loss or gain. An exception to this law is ____ systems.

conserved; no; open

A pure substance has a ____ composition, meaning that they are the ___ substance everywhere (Sucrose, O2, H2O)

constant, same

Elements ___ break down further. However, compounds ___ breakdown further

cannot, can

Is O2 considered an element or compound? Why?

It is considered an element because it cannot be broken down to anything else other than oxygen. It is still a molecule, but it is not a compound.

A mixture is ___ or more types of matter that are ____ by physical change.

two, separable

Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a ____. They are ____ everywhere (examples are sports drink and salt water)

solution, uniform

Heterogenous mixtures are ____ and visibly ___ (examples are chocolate chip cookies or salad)

nonuniform; distinct

Atom is the ___ unit of matter, whereas a molecule is ___ or more atoms.

smallest, two

Similarities between heterogenous and homogenous mixtures: Both have variable ___ and components are ____ by physical processes.

Differences: Homo is ____ throughout, whereas hetero is ____.

compositions, separable

uniform, nonuniform

Similarities between element vs. compound: Both are ___ substances

Differences: Element ___ break down further, whereas a compound ___ break down further.

pure

cannot, can

Similarities between atoms vs molecules: Both can participate in chemical ___.

Differences: An atom is a ___ particle, whereas a molecule is ___ or more atoms.

reactions

single, two

Classify as element, compound, or mixture:

a) Iron
b) Copper
c) Oxygen
d) water
e) mercury oxide
f) pancake syrup

a) Element
b) Element
c) Element
d) Compound
e) Compound
f) mixture

1. When elemental iron corrodes it combines with oxygen in the air to ultimately form red brown iron(III) oxide which we call rust.

   1. If a shiny iron nail with an initial mass of 23.2 g is weighed after being coated in a layer of rust, would you expect the mass to have increased, decreased, or remained the same? Explain.

   2. If the mass of the iron nail increases to 24.1 g, what mass of oxygen combined with the iron?

1. Increased because matter was added (oxygen)

2. 24.1g - 23.2g = 0.9 g