Equations and Substances

What is an atom?

The smallest particle of an element that can exist on its own.

What is an element?

A substance made of only one type of atom.

What is a molecule?

Small groups of atoms (can be elements or compounds) that are chemically bonded.

What is a compound?

A substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically joined together.

What is a mixture?

A substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically joined together.

What is the formula for a metal and non-metal compound word equation?

Metal + non-metal = metal non-metal-ide

What happens in the equation for compounds containing two elements plus oxygen?

The ending of the name of the second non-metal usually changes to -ate.

What does a formula use?

The element symbols.

What do acids always contain?

Hydrogen.

What chlorides are insoluble in water?

Silver and lead.

What sulfates are insoluble in water?

Lead, barium and calcium.

What carbonates are soluble in water?

Sodium, potassium and ammonium.

What hydroxides are soluble in water?

Sodium, potassium and ammonium.

What do metals and acids react to make?

A salt and hydrogen.

What does hydrochloric acid react to make?

Chlorides.

What does sulfuric acid react to make?

Sulfates.

What does nitric acid react to make?

Nitrates.

What does phosphoric acid react to make?

Phosphates.

What does ethanoic acid react to make?

Ethanoates.

What does CO₃ represent?

Carbonate.

What does NO₃ represent?

Nitrate.

What does OH represent?

Hydroxide.

What does H₂O₂ represent?

Hydrogen peroxide.

What does S₈ represent?

Sulfur.

What does O₂ represent?

Dioxide.

What does N₂ represent?

Nitrogen.

What does HNO₃ represent?

Nitric acid.

What does H₂SO₄ represent?

Sulfuric acid.

What does Br₂ represent?

Bromine.

What does CuCO₃ represent?

Copper carbonate.

How do you do the crossover method?

Write the ions down, circle the charges, write down just the element symbols, and then swap the charges over.

What do non-metal ions end in?

-ide.

What will an ion with extra oxygen end in?

-ate.

What do metal oxides and acids react to make?

A salt and water.

What do metal hydroxides and acids react to make?

A salt and water.

What do metal carbonates and acids react to make?

A salt, water and carbon dioxide.

What does ammonia and acids react to make?

Ammonium salt.