Precipitation and Dissolution

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Last updated 12:25 AM on 8/20/22
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18 Terms

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solubility expression
Since the ________ has no denominator, it is a product, not a quotient.
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Equilibrium
________ can be approached from either direction.
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Ksp
When the ion product= the ________, the solution is saturated.
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ordinary equilibria
In ________, we have a reaction quotient, Q, the products over the reactants (to the correct exponents)
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point of precipitation
If Q= Ksp: the solution is saturated, just at the ________.
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Ksp values
________ can be used to predict whether a precipitate will form when ions (from solutions) are added to water.
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equilibrium constants
Like all ________, Ksp has a fixed value at a given temperature.
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equilibrium
A(n) ________ exists between the precipitate and its ions.
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Example
AgCl(s) ⇌ Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)     K < 1
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Ksp
solubility product constant
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Molar solubility
when solubility has units of moles per liter (M)
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Common ion effect
the presence of an ion common to the salt REDUCES solubility
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If Q > Ksp
a precipitate will form, decreasing the ion concentrations until equilibrium is established
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If Q < Ksp
the solution is unsaturated, no precipitate will form, and if desired more compound can be dissolved
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If Q = Ksp
the solution is saturated, just at the point of precipitation
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Both complexes must have the same cation
anion ratio
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When the ion product = the Ksp,
the solution is saturated
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Molar solubility:
when solubility has units of moles per liter (M)