detailed apush flashcards from heimler unit 4-6

foreign conflict/debate during jefferson’s presidency

barbary pirates conflict- adams and washington had agreed to pay bribes to pirates in order to trade. jefferson ordered the govt to stop doing this, so the pirates started attacking our ships. jefferson ultimately settled on a reduced payment to them

domestic conflict/debate example during jefferson’s presidency

strict (dem rep) vs loose (federalist) constructionist policy. Ex. the louisiana purchase-Jefferson bought the land but was conflicted bc he didn’t have the power to buy land according to the constitution and acted like a loose constructionist whichwas against his ideals

lewis and clark

comissioned to explore the louisiana purchase land. Led to increased trade opportunity, relations with natives, and greater knowledge of the land for mapmaking

marbury vs. madison

case that established judicial review- adams had made “midnight appointments” to keep federalist influence in the courts, but the court found that the law which allowed this was unconstitutional, so these judges did not get their jobs

mccullogh vs maryland

court decided that federal law trumps state law- conflict about whether the bank could be established and whether states could tax it. it COULD be established and COULDN”T be taxed

causes of the war of 1812

• britain siezing our ships

• britain arming natives

• britain impressing soldiers

who was for the war of 1812 and who was against it

democratic republicans were for it and federalists were against it

hartford convention

federalists met to discuss the war of 1812 and there was talk of new england seceding from the union

effects for the war of 1812

1. intense american nationalism

2. end to the federalist party- they looked anti-american while everyone was celebrating our victory

3. era of good feelings

4. showed us that, even though we won, we had weaknesses such as the lack of a national bank and an inability to effectively move troops

response to the weaknesses shown in war of 1812

Henry Clay’s American System

1. internal improvements (roads and infrastructure)

2. protective tariffs

3. second bank of the united states

   (madison vetoed #1 but allowed the other two)

missouri compromise

missouri as a slave state, maine as a free state, line drawn where above it slavery was allowed and below it it was not

president after madison

monroe

adams-onis treaty

treaty with spain where they sold florida to the US and established our southern border

monroe doctrine

established the western hemisphere as an american sphere of influence where europeans were not allowed to colonize

what’s going on internally in the US at the time of the monroe doctrine

market revolution- the linking of southern farms and northern manufacturing by new technology and innovation

examples of tech from market revolution

• cotton gin and spinning wheel

• interchangeable parts

American system of manufacturing

large machines and division of labor into small tasks performed by unskilled laborers

innovations that made transportation easier

• steamboats can travel up and downstream

• canals like the eerie canal

• railroads which began to replace canals

social event that supported industrial revolution

immigration wave-brought new labor for factories and increased the number of farmers in the country

where were many immigrants from/ what groups were they part of

germany, ireland, jewish immigrants

life for immigrants

lived in extremely crowed dumbell tenaments where diseases spread rapidly and sanitation was poor

which class arose during the mid 1800s

the middle class (people like businessmen who had disposeable income to spend on leisure activities)

societal norms for women in the mid-1800s

CULT OF DOMESTICITY- seperate spheres of life for men and women. womens’ sphere was making the home a place of rest for her husband and childbearing. upper and middle class phenomenon bc lower class women had to work

panic of 1819 causes and effects

recession caused by irresponsible banking practices and less demand for exports. this hurt lower class and farmers and had the effect of them demanding to be able to vote

democratic republican party split (and why it happened)

influx of new voters> election of 1854 sees the party split into republicans(liked federal govt and loose constructionists) and democrats (disliked federal power and strict constructionists)

election of 1824

candidates: jackson, quincy adams, henry clay

jackson’s strategy to win

going around and speaking to the people

corrupt bargain

bc there were four candidates, nobody won the electoral vote majority even tho jackson had the most votes. in this case the house of reps decides. henry clay (speaker of house) endorsed adams and jackson called it the corrupt bargain

whig party

what became of the republicans- led by quincy adams

tariff of abombinations/ nullification crisis

tarriff on imported goods hurt southerners who relied on these goods. John C calhoun who is in charge in SC decides to nullify the tariff and threaten to secede if they make them pa

force bill

jackson’s response to nullification crisis- fed govt could use military force to enfore tariff in SC

why did jackson end the national bank

state banks were closing bc they couldnt pay national bank and jackson argued that nat bank was only helping the elit

indian removal act

trail of tears- removed natives from their land

worchester vs. georgia

decided that europeans did not havre the right to remove natives

treaty of new echota

exchanged cherokee land for a reservation land

emergence of a new american identity

• dictionary to standardize language

• transenentlaism (as a result of romanticism)