Organic Chemistry: Reagents, Conditions & Conversions

Alkene → Alkane requires what?

H2 + Ni catalyst (heat)

Alkene → Alcohol requires what?

Steam + H3PO4 catalyst

Alkene → Dihalogenoalkane requires what?

Halogen (X2)

Alkene → Halogenoalkane requires what?

Hydrogen halide (HX)

Halogenoalkane → Alcohol requires what?

Aqueous KOH

Halogenoalkane → Alkene requires what?

Ethanolic KOH

Halogenoalkane → Nitrile requires what?

KCN in ethanol

Alcohol → Alkene requires what?

Conc H2SO4 or H3PO4

Alcohol → Aldehyde requires what?

Acidified K2Cr2O7

Alcohol → Carboxylic acid requires what?

Acidified K2Cr2O7

Alcohol → Ketone requires what?

Acidified K2Cr2O7

Aldehyde → Alcohol requires what?

LiAlH4 in dry ether (or NaBH4)

Ketone → Alcohol requires what?

LiAlH4 in dry ether (or NaBH4)

Aldehyde → Carboxylic acid requires what?

Oxidising agent (Cr2O7^2-/H+ or Tollens/Fehling)

Nitrile → Carboxylic acid requires what?

H2O + H+

Carboxylic acid → Ester requires what?

Alcohol + conc H2SO4

Ester → Carboxylic acid requires what?

Hydrolysis (H+/H2O or NaOH)

Carboxylic acid → Salt requires what?

Base (NaOH

Acid chloride → Amide requires what?

Amine (RNH2)