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Why important understand development?
To know how tiny humans grow into big humans, learn how brains work and change, help kid grow strong and smart. Example: Rory grow up smart, go to school.
What is developmental milestone?
Key skills expected at certain ages. Example: Rory learn to walk, talk, like baby steps.
What is hypothesis?
Proposed explanation with small proof. Example: Say Rory study hard; she get good grades.
What are variables?
Things that can change. Example: Weather, mood, snacks.
Difference between correlation and causation?
Correlation mean two things related; causation mean one cause other. Example: Rory study, she get good grades (causation). Rory drink coffee, she study (correlation).
What is Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
Tasks kid can do with help, not alone. Example: Rory need help with homework from Lorelai.
What is scaffolding?
Support for learning and big goals. Example: Lorelai help Rory find books.
What are schemas?
Mental boxes to keep info. Example: Rory think Yale = smart.
What is assimilation?
Fit new info into old boxes. Example: Rory fit new history facts into school knowledge.
What is accommodation?
Change boxes to fit new info. Example: Rory learn new book rules.
What is equilibrium?
Balance between fitting new stuff and changing boxes. Example: Rory balance reading and hanging out.
What are study measures?
Ways to study kids. Example: Watch kids, ask questions, test stuff.
What is cross-sectional study?
Look at different kids at same time. Example: Check all kids in town.
What is longitudinal study?
Follow same kids for long time. Example: Watch Rory from baby to grown up.
What is microgenetic study?
Watch kids closely for short time. Example: Watch Rory study for week.
What was John Locke's view?
Kids like blank slates, shaped by life. Example: Rory learn from life around her.
What did Rousseau believe?
Kids born good, world make them bad. Example: Rory good kid, but face school problems.
What was Darwin's idea?
Kids grow and change like animals. Example: Rory adapt to school like nature.
What themes in development?
Nature vs nurture, continuity vs discontinuity, universal vs specific. Example: Rory learn, but also have friends.
What nature vs nurture debate?
Talk about genes or world affect kids more. Example: Rory smart from mom or school?
What is continuity vs discontinuity?
Talk about slow change or stages. Example: Rory grow day by day or big jumps.
What is universal vs context-specific?
Same for all kids or different by culture. Example: Rory and friends all different.
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