Biology IX Lecture Notes Review

This set of flashcards covers key concepts, definitions, and processes discussed in the Biology IX lecture notes, focusing on various biological processes and the importance of maintaining health.

What is the aim of the pursuit of scientific knowledge according to the lecture notes?

To establish scientific literacy and to imbibe the methodology of science.

What are the basic building blocks of life as described in the notes?

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Define metabolism.

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions taking place in an organism, divided into anabolism (building molecules) and catabolism (breaking down molecules).

What are enzymes?

Enzymes are molecules that speed up chemical reactions in organisms, most of which are proteins.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more energy, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less energy.

Explain the role of the cell membrane.

The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain molecules to pass while preventing others, facilitating the exchange of materials between the cell and its environment.

What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism.

What are the major excretory organs in human beings?

Kidneys, liver, skin, and lungs.

According to the lecture, what are the health factors affecting the heart?

Lack of exercise, unhealthy food habits, and stress.

What is the function of the kidney in excretion?

The kidney filters waste from the blood and produces urine, which contains urea and other waste products.