Frequency Distributions and Central Tendency

These flashcards cover key concepts related to frequency distributions and central tendency, essential for understanding statistical analysis.

Frequency Distribution

A statistical tool that summarizes how frequently each value of a variable occurs within a dataset.

Raw Data

Original unprocessed data collected before any analysis or transformation.

Relative Frequency

The ratio of the frequency of a particular outcome to the total number of outcomes, often expressed as a percentage.

Cumulative Frequency

A running total of the frequencies through the categories of a frequency distribution.

Histogram

A graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data, using bars to show the frequency of values in intervals.

Mean

The average of a set of values, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values.

Median

The middle value in a sorted list of numbers, which divides the dataset into two equal halves.

Mode

The value that appears most frequently in a data set.

Weighted Mean

A mean where some observations contribute more to the final average than others, often used when measurements have different levels of importance.

Skewed Distribution

A distribution that is not symmetrical, where values tend to cluster more on one side.

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped probability distribution that is symmetric around the mean, depicting how values are distributed.

Bimodal Distribution

A frequency distribution having two different values that appear with the highest frequency.

Grouped Data

Data that is organized into intervals or categories instead of individual values.

Cumulative Relative Frequency

The accumulation of relative frequencies up to a certain point in a dataset.

Pie Chart

A circular statistical graphic divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportions.

Quantitative Proportion

The ratio of a part to the whole in a data set, often represented as a decimal.

Frequency Proportion

The ratio of the frequency of a particular outcome to the total frequency of all outcomes.