EGOISM VS ALTRUISM

ETHICS

EGOISM

It is a theory of ethics that sets as its goal the benefit, pleasure or greatest good of ourself alone.

EGO

The term “egoism is derived from this Latin term which means “I” in English. This means a person act respectfully or kindly for their own advantages.

PSYCHOLOGICAL, ETHICAL, RATIONAL

What are the three (3) types of egoism?

PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOISM

• It suggests that every attitude or behavior or decision of every person is motivated by self interest.

• “All men are selfish, We only do things for our own self-interest.”

• Example: To show good behavior and attitude for our own advantages.

ETHICAL EGOISM

• It argues that any action should be done solely to achieve individual benefits, because your top moral responsibility is yourself.

• “We should only feel obligated to do things for ourselves, regardless of the effect it may have on others.”

• Example: To show good actions for our own advantages.

RATIONAL EGOISM

• It claims that it is necessary and sufficient for an action and behavior to be rational to maximize one’s self-interest.

• Example: Good behavior and action importantly needed.

ALTRUISM

This is the unselfish concern for other people doing things simply out of a desire to help, not because you feel obligated to out of duty, loyalty, or religious reasons. It involves acting out of concern for the well-being of other people.

ALTRUISM

Example: Doing something to help another person with no expectation of reward, sharing resources even in the face of scarcity and showing concern for someone else’s well-being

GENETIC, RECIPROCAL, GROUP-SELECTED, PURE

What are the four (4) types of Altruism?

GENETIC

This type of altruism involves engaging in altruistic acts that benefit close family members.

RECIPROCAL

This type of altruism is based on a mutual give-and-take relationship. It involves helping another person now because they may one day be able to return the favor.

GROUP-SELECTED

This involves engaging in altruistic acts for people based upon their group affiliation.

PURE

Also known as moral altruism, this form involves helping someone else, even when it is risky, without any reward. It is motivated by internalized values and morals.