Chapter 4 Chemistry of Carbon

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10 Terms

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Organic Chemistry

The study of compounds that contain carbon.

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Carbon Bonds

Carbon can form four covalent bonds, allowing for diverse molecular structures.

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Tetrahedral Shape

The shape of carbon atoms bonded to four other atoms.

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Hydrocarbons

Organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.

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Isomers

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties.

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Cis-trans Isomers

Isomers that have the same covalent bonds but differ in their spatial arrangements.

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Enantiomers

Isomers that are mirror images of each other.

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Functional Groups

Components of organic molecules commonly involved in chemical reactions.

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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

An important organic phosphate that stores the potential to react with water, releasing energy.

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Urea

An organic compound found in urine, represented by the formula CO(NH2)2.