Chapter 9: Models of Chemical Bonding

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to chemical bonding, including ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding concepts.

Ionic Bonding

A type of chemical bonding that involves the transfer of electrons typically between a metal and a nonmetal.

Covalent Bonding

A type of chemical bonding that involves the sharing of electrons typically between nonmetals.

Metallic Bonding

A type of chemical bonding characterized by electron pooling, occurring between metal atoms.

Lewis Electron-Dot Symbols

Diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons in the molecule.

Cation

A positively charged ion that is formed when an atom loses electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains electrons.

Octet Rule

The principle that atoms are most stable when they have a full outer shell of 8 electrons.

Lattice Energy

The energy required to separate 1 mole of an ionic solid into gaseous ions.

Polar Covalent Bond

A covalent bond in which the shared electron pair is not shared equally, resulting in partial charges.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom in a chemical bond to attract shared electrons.

Bond Order

The number of electron pairs being shared between a given pair of atoms.

Bond Energy

The energy required to break a bond between two atoms.

Bond Length

The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.

Electron Sea Model

A model that describes metallic bonding as a 'sea' of delocalized electrons surrounding metal cations.