PHYS141 Test 1 Review

Equilibrium

________: a state of no change with no net force acting 19.

Projectile

________: any object that moves through the air or space under the influence of gravity 14.

Theory

________: a synthesis of many different well- test experiments, resources, and tests about a specific behavior or observation.

Inertia

________: is a property of matter to resist changes in motion 18.

Displacement

________: the difference of your initial position from your final position (i.e.

Tension

________: a force along the length of a string, rope, chain, or wire 25.

Hypothesis

________: an "educated guess; "a prediction of an analyzed behavior or observation, not typically held as fact until tested by various sources 2.

Acceleration

________: Rate at which velocity changes over time.

Mass

________: The quantity of matter in an object 17.

Vector

________: a quantity whose description requires both magnitude (how much) and direction (which way) 7.

Trajectory

________: the path that a projectile follows 15.

Velocity

________: the speed of an object and the direction it is traveling in 9.

Scalar

________: a quantity that only includes magnitude 8.

Free fall

________: when an object falls with no outside forces due to the force of gravity alone 13.

Newtons First Law

________: Every object continues in a state of rest or of uniform speed in a straight line unless acted on by a nonzero net force.

Net Force

________: combination of all forces that act on an object.

Apparent Weight

________: your perception of your weight is based on the contact forces between your body and your surroundings.

Newtons Second Law

________: Acceleration is directly proportional to net force.

Normal Force

________: is an upward force on an object that is caused by an object sitting on a surface.

Friction

________: a force that works against motion or sliding 22.

trajectory

The angles for projectiles and how they change the height and range of the ________.

Definitions and Concepts

1

Hypothesis

an "educated guess"; a prediction of an analyzed behavior or observation, not typically held as fact until tested by various sources 2

Theory

a synthesis of many different well-test experiments, resources, and tests about a specific behavior or observation

Law

a general rule or hypothesis about the natural relationship between two or more quantities that has been tested over and over again (typically related to a mathematical equation) 4

Displacement

the difference of your initial position from your final position (i.e

Distance

how far you have traveled 6

Vector

a quantity whose description requires both magnitude (how much) and direction (which way) 7

Scalar

a quantity that only includes magnitude 8

Velocity

the speed of an object and the direction it is traveling in 9

Speed

defined as the distance covered per amount of travel time 10

Instantaneous speed

the speed at any instant 11

Acceleration

Rate at which velocity changes over time

Free fall

when an object falls with no outside forces due to the force of gravity alone 13

Projectile

any object that moves through the air or space under the influence of gravity 14

Trajectory

the path that a projectile follows 15

Force

a push or pull 16

Mass

The quantity of matter in an object 17

Inertia

is a property of matter to resist changes in motion 18

Equilibrium

a state of no change with no net force acting 19

Weight

Force on an object due to gravity

Apparent Weight

your perception of your weight is based on the contact forces between your body and your surroundings

Friction

a force that works against motion or sliding 22

Static friction

the force of friction between things that are not moving 23

Kinetic friction

the force of friction between things that are moving 24

Tension

a force along the length of a string, rope, chain, or wire 25

Normal Force

is an upward force on an object that is caused by an object sitting on a surface

Net Force

combination of all forces that act on an object

Newtons First Law

Every object continues in a state of rest or of uniform speed in a straight line unless acted on by a nonzero net force

Newtons Second Law

Acceleration is directly proportional to net force

Newtons Third Law

whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first

Equations

1D Kinematics

𝑣𝑦 = 𝑣𝑠𝑖𝑛θ − 𝑔𝑡 Forces 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔 Example Free Response Problems

1

What variables, units, and vocab terms relate (ex

distance is d and measured in meters)