My APUSH Part 1: Unit 2

Unit 2. Things I want to remember for APUSH, both for quizbowl/funsies and for actual studying purposes, ya dig?

Who issued charters for colonies?

James I

When were colonial charters issued?

1606

Which companies were charters issued to?

Virginia Company and Plymouth Company

What was the first permanent English settlement?

Jamestown

When was Jamestown settled?

1607

Which company settled Jamestown?

The Virginia Company

Where was Jamestown located?

Chesapeake Bay in Modern Virginia. On the James River.

How did the Jamestown settlers first survive?

1. Learning to cultivate crops like corn and fish in canoes from the natives

2. The leadership of John Smith, which imposed work and order on the colonies

What happened to the new Jamestown settlers?

1. One ship was unable to sail from Bermuda for months.

2. When the ship on Bermuda arrived, the Starving Time and native opposition left only 60 settlers alive

What was the first profitable crop in Jamestown?

Tobacco

Prominent Jamestown tobacco farmer

John Rolfe

Headright System

Land was granted to people who settled, and people who paid for others’ passage. More land for each person, encouraged families to move.

House of Burgesses

1619, First elected legislature in the colonies

When did the first slaves arrive to colonial America?

1619

Native tribe conflicting with Jamestown settlers

Powhatan

Which family founded Maryland?

Calvert (Lord Baltimore)

Why was Maryland founded?

Refuge for Catholics

Governor of Virginia 1642-1677

Sir William Berkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion

Revolt of indentured servants and backcountry aristocrats against the governor of Virginia.

What was the religion of the Plymouth settlers?

Puritan

What agreement did the Plymouth settlers establish?

Mayflower Compact

Massachusett’s Bay Company

Group of Puritan merchants organizing colonial venture in Americas

Government of colonial Massachusetts

Theocracy

Who established Hartford, Connecticut?

Thomas Hooker

Why did people move to Connecticut?

Escape the oppressive religious government of Massachusetts and fertile land

Who established Rhode Island?

Roger Williams

Religion in Rhode Island

Religious tolerance for all (including Judaism). No role in government

Rhode Island natives

Narragansett

King Phillip’s War

1675 conflict between Wampanoag natives (led by King Phillip) and settlers. Wampanoag originally killed 1000+ people, but the settlers prevailed with the help of the Mohawk.

Who were the Carolina charters issued to?

8 Proprietors

What was unique about Carolina?

The North and South were socially and economically distinct.

Where were most early South Carolina immigrants from?

Barbados

When were the Carolinas separated (officially)?

1729

Former name of New York

New Amsterdam

Governor of New Amsterdam

Peter Stuyvesant

Namesake of New York

Duke of York

Class division in New York

Highly unequal. Power remained in the hands of a few wealthy landlords.

Social climate of New York

High diversity. Religious freedom.

Founder of the Quakers

George Fox

Founder of Pennsylvania

William Penn

Charter of Liberties

Established representative assembly in Pennsylvania

Most profitable crop in the Caribbean

Sugar

Conclusions on slaves in the Carribean

It is cheaper to buy new slaves than maintain the ones they already owned.

Most prosperous Spanish outpost north of Mexico

New Mexico

Goals of the Spanish north of Mexico

1. Protect against other Europeans

2. Convert the nativs to Catholicism

3. Create agricultural economy

Who did the Spanish see as the greatest threat to their northern borders?

France

Where was Spanish English tension in 18th century Americas?

Between Carolina and Florida

How did the English acquire Florida?

7 Year’s War

Why was Georgia founded?

1. Military border against the Spanish

2. Refuge for the poor and debt-ridden

Who led Georgia’s founding?

James Oglethorpe

What people(s) did Georgia exclude?

Africans and Catholics

When was Georgia founded?

1732

What are regions of European and native codominance called?

Middle grounds

Which Europeans first established successful relations with natives?

France

Navigation Acts

Starting in 1660. Restricted English colonies, only allowing them to export to England. Imposed taxation and customs on imports.