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Unit 2. Things I want to remember for APUSH, both for quizbowl/funsies and for actual studying purposes, ya dig?
Who issued charters for colonies?
James I
When were colonial charters issued?
1606
Which companies were charters issued to?
Virginia Company and Plymouth Company
What was the first permanent English settlement?
Jamestown
When was Jamestown settled?
1607
Which company settled Jamestown?
The Virginia Company
Where was Jamestown located?
Chesapeake Bay in Modern Virginia. On the James River.
How did the Jamestown settlers first survive?
Learning to cultivate crops like corn and fish in canoes from the natives
The leadership of John Smith, which imposed work and order on the colonies
What happened to the new Jamestown settlers?
One ship was unable to sail from Bermuda for months.
When the ship on Bermuda arrived, the Starving Time and native opposition left only 60 settlers alive
What was the first profitable crop in Jamestown?
Tobacco
Prominent Jamestown tobacco farmer
John Rolfe
Headright System
Land was granted to people who settled, and people who paid for others’ passage. More land for each person, encouraged families to move.
House of Burgesses
1619, First elected legislature in the colonies
When did the first slaves arrive to colonial America?
1619
Native tribe conflicting with Jamestown settlers
Powhatan
Which family founded Maryland?
Calvert (Lord Baltimore)
Why was Maryland founded?
Refuge for Catholics
Governor of Virginia 1642-1677
Sir William Berkeley
Bacon’s Rebellion
Revolt of indentured servants and backcountry aristocrats against the governor of Virginia.
What was the religion of the Plymouth settlers?
Puritan
What agreement did the Plymouth settlers establish?
Mayflower Compact
Massachusett’s Bay Company
Group of Puritan merchants organizing colonial venture in Americas
Government of colonial Massachusetts
Theocracy
Who established Hartford, Connecticut?
Thomas Hooker
Why did people move to Connecticut?
Escape the oppressive religious government of Massachusetts and fertile land
Who established Rhode Island?
Roger Williams
Religion in Rhode Island
Religious tolerance for all (including Judaism). No role in government
Rhode Island natives
Narragansett
King Phillip’s War
1675 conflict between Wampanoag natives (led by King Phillip) and settlers. Wampanoag originally killed 1000+ people, but the settlers prevailed with the help of the Mohawk.
Who were the Carolina charters issued to?
8 Proprietors
What was unique about Carolina?
The North and South were socially and economically distinct.
Where were most early South Carolina immigrants from?
Barbados
When were the Carolinas separated (officially)?
1729
Former name of New York
New Amsterdam
Governor of New Amsterdam
Peter Stuyvesant
Namesake of New York
Duke of York
Class division in New York
Highly unequal. Power remained in the hands of a few wealthy landlords.
Social climate of New York
High diversity. Religious freedom.
Founder of the Quakers
George Fox
Founder of Pennsylvania
William Penn
Charter of Liberties
Established representative assembly in Pennsylvania
Most profitable crop in the Caribbean
Sugar
Conclusions on slaves in the Carribean
It is cheaper to buy new slaves than maintain the ones they already owned.
Most prosperous Spanish outpost north of Mexico
New Mexico
Goals of the Spanish north of Mexico
Protect against other Europeans
Convert the nativs to Catholicism
Create agricultural economy
Who did the Spanish see as the greatest threat to their northern borders?
France
Where was Spanish English tension in 18th century Americas?
Between Carolina and Florida
How did the English acquire Florida?
7 Year’s War
Why was Georgia founded?
Military border against the Spanish
Refuge for the poor and debt-ridden
Who led Georgia’s founding?
James Oglethorpe
What people(s) did Georgia exclude?
Africans and Catholics
When was Georgia founded?
1732
What are regions of European and native codominance called?
Middle grounds
Which Europeans first established successful relations with natives?
France
Navigation Acts
Starting in 1660. Restricted English colonies, only allowing them to export to England. Imposed taxation and customs on imports.
