AP Chemistry Unit 2

Linear

Trigonal Planar

Angular/Bent

Tetrahedral

Trigonal Pyramidal

Angular/Bent

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Seesaw

T-Shaped

Linear

Octahedral

Square Pyramidal

Square Planar

sp

Linear

sp²

Trigonal Planar

sp³

Tetrahedral

sp³d

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Single bond

Longest and weakest bond

Triple bond

Shortest and strongest bond

LDF

Weakest intermolecular force occurring in every molecule from temporary dipoles.

Dipole-dipole

Intermolecular force occuring between the oppositely charged ends of two polar molecules.

Hydrogen Bond

Intermolecular force occurring between Hydrogen and Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine.

Ion-dipole force

Force of attraction between an ion and a polar molecule. Usually found when ionic compounds are dissolved in polar solvents

Right

Which way does the dipole moment point?

σ+ ___ σ-

Left

Which way does the dipole moment point?

σ- ___ σ+

Interstitial Alloy

Alloy formed between atoms with large differences in radii.

Substitutional Alloy

Alloy formed between atoms with similar radii.

Resonance Structure

Set of 2 or more lewis structure that collective describe the electronic bonding of a single polyatomic species.

3

Minimum period required for an expanded octet.

VE - UE - BE/2

Formal Charge Formula

Sigma bond

“Head-to head” atomic orbital overlap; strongest covalent bond.

Pi bond

Lateral atomic orbital overlap; prevents rotation in covalent bonding.