Cleavages

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What is cleavage

a historically determined social or cultural line which divides citizens within a society into groups with differing political interests, resulting in political conflict among these groups.

Centre versus periphery

National revolutions (this division is caused by the creation of modern nation-states, where some states were better than others at assimilating other cultures into the majority nation.)

Church (supranational) and State

highlights a core divide between secular and religious interests within society

Urban vs rural

Differing interests between people in urban versus rural areas