LONG ANSWER 1

ELICITED BEHAVIOUR:  

-       BEHAVIOURS TRIGGERED BY A STIMULUS, OFTEN INNATE AND NOT REQUIRING PRIOR LEARNING; CAN BE INFLUENCED BY EXPERIENCE. 

-       AUTOMMATICALLY DRAW OUT BY A CERTAIN STIMULUS AND IS INVOLUNTARY AND UNLEARNED.

4 FEATURES OF ELICITED BEHAVIOUR IN A “BUSHMAN JUMPSCARE”

a)     SIMPLE REFLEX: EYE WINCE, SCREAM, ARMS-UP.

b)    KINESIS: VIGOROUS MOVEMENTS, GROSS BODY MOVEMENTS

c)     NEGATIVE TAXIS: WITHDRAWAL FROM POTENTIAL DANGER.

d)    ORIENTING RESPONSE: LOOK BACK TOWARD WHATEVER SCARED YOU.

WHAT IS A MODAL ACTION PATTERN?

MAP:

-       SEQUENCES OF BEHAVIOURS INITIATED BY A SIGN STIMULUS, TYPICALLY SPECIES-SPECIFIC, SOMETIMES REQUIRING AN UNDERLYING DRIVE.

HOW DOES MAP DIFFER FROM OTHER ELICITED BEHAVIOUR?

MAP DIFFERS FROM ELICITED BEHAVIOUR AS IT OCCURS INSEQUENCES AND REQUIRES UNDERLYING DRIVES. ELICITED BEHAVIOUR DOES NOT.

EXAMPLE OF MODAL ACTION PATTERN:

a)     A BIRD PECKING AN ADULT’S BEAK FOR FOOD.

EXAMPLE OF MOD: BABY BIRDS PECKING AT A RED SPOT ON THEIR PARENT’S BEAK TO TRIGGER FEEDING. THIS IS SPECIES-SPECIFIC AND INNATE BEHAVIOUR THAT BECOMES AUTOMATIC ONCE A SPECIFIC STIMULUS (THE RED DOT) HAS BEEN PRESENTED BY THE PARENT BIRD.

b)    A MALE PEACOCK’S COMPLEX MATING DANCE.

c)     ROOTING REFLEX

WHAT HAPPENS IF THE SIGN STIMULUS IS REPEATED? DOES THE BEHAVIOUR LOOK IDENTICAL EACH TIME THE SIGN STIMULUS IS PRESENTED?

-       HABITUATION WILL OCCUR, THEREFORE RESPONSE TO STIMULUS DECREASES OVER TIME DUE TO NON-ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING BECAUSE THE STIMULUS IS NO LONGER PERCEIVED AS RELEVANT/IMPORTANT.

WHAT IS A SUPERNORMAL STIMULUS:

-       A SIGN STIMULUS WHOSE FEATURES HAVE BEEN ARFITIFICIALLY ENHANCED OR EXAGGERATED TO PRODUCE AN ABNORMALLY LARGE MODAL ACTION PATTERN.  EXAMPLE: FOOD INDUSTRY.

-       AN EXAGGERATED SIGN THAT ELICITS AN ESPECIALLY VIGOROUS RESPONSE.