TERMINOLOGIES AND CATTLE BREEDS

Animal Husbandry

branch of agriculture concerned with the production and care of livestock and poultry.

Animal Science

study of biology of animals under the control of man.

Zootechnics

maintaining animals under domestication includes breeding, genetics, and housing

BOVINE

CATTLE

CAPRINE

GOATS

EQUINE

HORSES, DONKEYS, MULES, ZEBRAS

OVINE

SHEEP

PORCINE

SWINE

POULTRY

BIRDS

HERD

GROUP OF SINGLE SPECIES OF A LIVESTOCK

TWO SPECIES OF CATTLE

1. Bos Taurus

2. Bos Indicus

Origin of Bos Indicus

India

Characteristics of Bos Indicus

- with hump
- long head
- narrow hip bone
- long head
- fast
- more sweat glands
- tropical/ humid climate
- small amount of fat
- decrease carcass trait
- loose skin

Origin of Bos Taurus

Europe

Characteristics of bos taurus

- no hump
- short and wide head
- wide hip bone
- short leg
- slow
- less sweat gland
- temperate climate (cold)
- has large amount of fat
- positive carcass trait
- tight skin

Family of Cattle

Genus Bos

Bull

in-tact male bovine

Bull calf

male bovine less than 1 yr old

Calf

young bovine (from birth up to 6-10 months)

Cow

female bovine that has had a calf

Heifer

female bovine that has yet to give birth

Steer

castrated male bovine; future ox that is less than 4 yrs old

Ox

castrated bull trained to work; 4 yrs of age

Veal

Meat of an animal that only ingested milk

Beef

meat of adult bovine

Scientific name of goats

Capra hircus

Buck

male goat or rabbit over 1 yrs old

Buckling

young male goat

Doe

female goat or rabbit over 1 yrs old

Doeling

young female goat

Flock

group of goats or sheeps

Kid

baby goat

Wether

castrated male goat or sheep

Chevon

goat meat

Kidding

act of birthing process

scientific name of Sheep

Ovis aries

Ewe

female sheep that is over 1yrs old

Ewe lamd

female sheep under 1yr old

Lamb

young sheep / meat of sheep that is 12-14 months old

Lambkin

newly born sheep

Lambing

act of giving birth to sheeps

Ram

in-tact male sheep that is over 1yr old

Ram lamb

male lamb under 1yr old

Sheep

mature ovine

scientific name of Horse

Equus caballus

Colt

male horse under 3yrs

Filly

female horse under 3yrs

Foal

horse less than a yr

Gelding

castrated male horse

Mare

female horse after 4th birthday

Stallion

in-tact male horse

scientific name of donkey

Equus asinus

Ass

donkey / burro / jackstock

Burro

spanish term for donkey; in Mississippi

Hinny

hybrid of a jennet x stallion

Horse hinny

male hybrid over 3yrs of age

Mule

hybrid of a male donkey x female horse; over 3yrs

Jack

male ass; (young jack are not referred to as colt)

Jackstock

plural referring to American Mammoth jacks and jennets

American Mammoths jack and jennets

asses that are not referred to as donkeys and never called burrows

Jennet

female ass; (not called fillys)

John

informal term for male mule

Jennet jack

male used to produce donkeys

Mule colts and mule fillies

equine under 3 yrs

Mule jack

used to produce mules

Mare hinny

female hinny over 3yrs

Mare mule

female mule over 3yrs

Molly

informal term for female mule

family of Swine

family Suidae

two types of swine

1. Sus crofa

2. Sus vittatus

Sus crofa

Common Eurasian Wild Pig

Sus vittatus

Asian Banded Pig

Barrow

castrated male swine

Boar

adult male swine

Gilt

female swine that has not given birth

Drove

group of swines

Feeder pig

40-70 lbs produced and sold to another for growing out to market weight

Hog

mature pig

Lard

type of pig developed to have large deposits of fat

Market hog

weighs 220-260 lbs; 5-7 months old when sent to the market

Meat pig

- bacon type

- developed to have more lean meat

Pig

young swine that is not sexually mature

Piglet

young pig of 14-21 days old that is still nursing

Shoat

young hog that is not sexually active that has been weaned

sow

adult female swine

stag

castrated male swine (after sexual maturation)

family of rabbits

family leporidae

scientific name of rabbits

Oryctolagus cuniculus

fryer

young rabbit that is 2 months old

kit

baby rabbit

rabbitry

it is where owners keep their herd of rabbits in separate cages

stewer

mature rabbits that is 3months old or older

warren

it is where owners keep their herd of rabbits in a group or in a large cage

Trio

poultry group of 1 male and 2 females

scientific name of chicken

Galus Galus Domesticus

Broiler

meat chicken processed at 7-12 weeks

Fryer (chicken)

meat chicken marketed at 12-20 weeks

Capon

castrated male chicken; harvested at 4-8 months old

Chick

newly hatched chicken

Cockerel

male chicken less than a yr