ANHB110 Primates_2_
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56 Terms
Primates
A group of mammals characterized by large brains, highly flexible limbs, and the ability to grasp.
Prosimii
The suborder of Primates that includes lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers, often referred to as prosimians.
Eocene epoch
A geological epoch where prosimians first appeared, occurring approximately 55 million years ago.
Taxonomic classification
The hierarchical system used to categorize living organisms into groups and subgroups based on shared characteristics.
Strepsirhini
A suborder of Primates that includes lemurs and lorises; characterized by a wet nose and reliance on olfaction.
Haplorhini
A suborder of Primates that includes tarsiers, monkeys, and apes; characterized by a dry nose and greater reliance on vision.
Lemuroidea
A superfamily within the suborder Strepsirhini that includes lemurs native to Madagascar.
Galago
A small nocturnal primate found in Africa, also known as a bushbaby, characterized by large eyes and agile leaping.
Clinging and leaping
A locomotion common in prosimians like tarsiers, involving grasping and jumping between tree branches.
Tapetum lucidum
A reflective layer behind the retina in the eyes of some animals, enhancing night vision.
Dental formula
The notation of the number and types of teeth in an animal's mouth.
Bilophodont molars
A type of dental structure characterized by two transversely oriented ridges, typical in Old World monkeys.
Prehensile tail
A tail that is adapted for grasping or holding objects, commonly found in some New World monkeys.
Scent marking
A form of communication in which animals use their scent to mark territory or signal reproductive status.
Diurnal
Active during daylight hours; a trait exhibited by many primate species.
Fission-fusion
A social system in which the size and composition of a group change over time, common in chimpanzees and bonobos.
Brachiation
A form of arboreal locomotion in which an animal swings from limb to limb using its arms.
Monogamous
A mating system in which one male and one female form a pair bond, often seen in gibbons.
Knuckle walking
A mode of locomotion seen in some apes, including gorillas and chimpanzees, where they walk on their knuckles.
Social structure
The organization of individuals within a group, which can impact mating, foraging, and overall behavior.
Hominidae
The family of great apes and humans, characterized by advanced cognitive abilities and social structures.
Cercopithecinae
A subfamily of Old World monkeys that are primarily frugivorous and often live in large groups.
Colobinae
A subfamily of Old World monkeys that primarily eat leaves and possess adaptations for fermentation in the digestive system.
Chimpanzee
A species of great ape known for its intelligence, social behavior, and use of tools; scientifically called Pan troglodytes.
Bonobo
A species of great ape closely related to chimpanzees, noted for its peaceful social structure and high levels of sexual behavior.
Tarsiers
Small primates classified under the infraorder Tarsiiformes, known for their large eyes and nocturnal habits.
Quasi-primate
A term to describe primates that exhibit some but not all characteristics typical to the primate order, like prosimians.
Arboreal
Living primarily in trees; a trait common to many primate species.