Temporal and Parietal Lobes

Temporal lobe primary functions

audition, olfaction, language, memory, emotions/behavior

temporal lobe testing techniques

auditory confrontation, smell test, receptive & expressive language, semantic fluency, memory, and emotional/behavioral measures

temporal lobe lateral gyri

superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus

Heschl's gyrus

primary projection for audition, all sound that is processed goes through here, if destroyed = cortical deafness, present in both hemispheres

sound contralateral processing

80-20

left hemisphere sound processing

language

right hemisphere sound processing

music/prosody

classic model of language processing

ear, Hechl's gyrus, Wernicke's (receptive), forward to arcuate fasiculus, arrives in Broca's (production)

Wernicke's aphasia (fluent aphasia)

language comprehension impaired, can speak normal tone/rate but language is nonsense, unaware and will not correct

Broca's aphasia

difficulties with speech production

dyslexia

developmental difficulty in learning how to read

alexia

acquired difficulty in reading

anomia

difficulty naming objects

verbal memory location

left temporal lobe

visual memory location

right temporal lobe

hippocampus

processes memory for long term storage, aids in taking input and putting into long term memory

memory process

acquisition (frontal), learning (frontal), processing (hippocampus), storage (stored by modality), retrieval (reverses storage process)

emotion process

limbic system connects cortex to hypothalamus, amygdala coordinates emotional processing, close to olfactory cranial nerve

parietal lobes main functions

somatosensory perception, visual-spatial, spatial orientation, reading/spelling, association cortex

parietal lobe testing

tactile stimulation, finger gnosis (which one am I touching?), stereognosis (recognize object by touch), JOLO, reading and spelling

postcentral gyrus

location of somatosensory strip (if you don't have you don't feel)

angular gyrus

involved in graphemic aspect of writing, near Wernicke where parietal and temporal come together

agnosia

inability to appreciate sensory information that has reached the brain

anosognosia

neurological lack of awareness (mirror isn't working)

apraxia

inability to carry out purposeful movements

parietal lobe syndromes

agnosia, astereognosis, anosognosia, right-left disorientation, geographical disorders, apraxia, visual-spatial neglect (hemineglect) - unaware