Transition Metals

Vocabulary flashcards covering the physical and chemical properties, ion formations, coloured compounds, and catalytic applications of transition metals based on the notes.

Transition Metals

Hard and strong metallic elements characterized by high melting points, high density, low reactivity relative to Group $1$ metals, the ability to form positive ions with variable charges, coloured compounds, and use as catalysts.

Low Reactivity of Transition Metals

A property of transition metals showing much less reactivity with oxygen, chlorine, and water than Group $1$ metals, allowing elements like copper to be used to make water pipes.

Variable Positive Ions

Ions formed when transition elements lose electrons to take on positive charges, which can vary in charge unlike alkali metal ions (e.g., iron forming $2^+$ or $3^+$ ions).

Iron Ions

Positive ions formed by iron, which can form either a $2^+$ or a $3^+$ ion.

Nickel Ions

Positive ions formed by nickel, which can form either a $2^+$ or a $4^+$ ion.

Coloured Compounds

Compounds formed by transition metals that display characteristic colors, such as red-brown, pale pink, purple, or blue.

Iron (III) Oxide

A coloured transition metal compound with a red-brown color.

Manganese Chloride

A coloured transition metal compound with a pale pink color.

Chromium Chloride

A coloured transition metal compound with a purple color.

Copper Sulfate

A coloured transition metal compound with a blue color.

Catalysts

Substances used to increase the rate of chemical reactions, a key practical application for transition metals.