Anat Lecture 2

Structure is…

Function

Tissue is composed of.

cell + ECM

groups of similar cells that carry out a common function

tissues

epithelial tissue

>covers body surfaces (skin, body cavities, and internal lining of body cavities),

>Acts a shield protector

epithelial tissue (epithelia) function include:

protection, sensation, absorption, and secretion

classification of epithelial tissue

>shape of cells,

>number of layers,

What is histology hierarchy?

Cell > Tissues > Organs > Organ Systens

What are the four types of Tissue?

1)Epithelial tissue

2)Connective tissue

3)Muscle Tissue

4)Nervous Tissue

True or False: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is living material.

False – it is non-living material secreted by cells.

What are the two main types of epithelial tissue? Give an example of each.

• Membranous (ex: skin, stomach lining).

• Glandular (ex: sweat glands, thyroid).

Exocrine glands:

>Secrete substances via ducts, onto surfaces, or into cavities.

>unicellular or multicellular

Endocrine glands:

>Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

>target can be far or close

>ductless

epithelial tissue composition?

Cells > ECM

Q11. Why are epithelia considered avascular?

A: They contain no blood vessels; nutrients diffuse from the lumen or underlying connective tissue.

What covers the endocrine system?

endocrine glands

Goblet cells

<only unicellular exocrine gland

>Produce mucus

Exocrine gland multicellular

• Continuation of epithelial sheet that invaginates into connective tissue

Q12. What is the function of the basement membrane?

Anchors epithelial cells, provides support, and separates epithelium from connective tissue.

simple

1 layer

Stratified

Multiple layers

Pseudostratified

Appears multi-layered but all touch basement membrane, although not all cells reach the apical surface.

Squamous

> Flat > wider >tall, > oval nuclei

Cuboidal

>Cube-shaped

>round nuclei

Columnar

>Tall > Width

>oval nuclei near base

Transitional

Stretches, umbrella cells, urinary tract only

Move mucus/particles

Cilia

Simple Squamous Function

Diffusion, Filtration

ex (lung, vessels, kideny)

Stratified Squamous Function

Protection

(mouth, skin, vagina)

Simple Cuboidal

Absorption, Secretion

(kidney ovary)

Simple Columnar

Absorption, Secretion

(digestive tract, uterus)

Pseudostratified Columnar

>Protection and Mucus

>all cells touch basement membrane w/ Cicala on top

>WILL HAVE GOBLET CELLS

>unique to respiratory tract

Transitional

>Stretch

>Umbrella cells in urinary tract

Glandular epithelium

>glands

>endocrine and exocrine

membranous epithelium

>acts a lining

>cover body cavities, stomach etc

Cells in Epithelia are held by what?

Tight junctions