Module 2.2 (Bacteriology Lecture)

Neisseria species

Neisseria species

These are non-motile, aerobic, and capnophilic gram negative cocci

Room temperature

Storage temperature of Neisseria

NON-HEMOLYTIC

HEMOLYTIC or NON-HEMOLYTIC. Neisseria species

Neisseria flava, Neisseria subflava, Neisseria flavescens,

All Neisseria species are non-pigmented, except for?

Yellow colored colonies

Characteristics of colonies of N. flava

Negative

CATALASE: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE. Neisseria species

Negative

CYTOCHROME OXIDASE: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE. Neisseria species

Neisseria elongata

All Neisseria species are catalase and cytochrome oxidase negative, except for?

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE. Most Neisseria species are carbohydrate fermenters

CAP and BAP

Media of choice for Neisseria species

Kidney bean/ coffee bean

Shape of Neisseria species

Fastidious

Neisseria species are ______ as they do not grow in general purpose media

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Which Neisseria specie does not grow in BAP?

Gonococcus

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is also known as?

A

Which best describes Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A. Intracellular gram negative, kidney bean shaped diplococci

B. Extracellular gram negative, kidney bean shaped diplococci

C. Intracellular gram positive, kidney bean shaped diplococci

D. Extracellular gram positive, kidney bean shaped diplococci

LETTER ONLY

Neutrophil

Neisseria gonorrhoeae are found intracellularly, specifically in which cells?

FALSE

TRUE or FALSE. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a normal flora.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE. All strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae contains pili.

Pili

Initial attachment of organism to host tissues

T1 and T2

Virulent forms of Pili

T3, T4, and T5

Avirulent forms of Pili

Immunoglobulin A Protease

Cleaved IgA on mucosal surface

CM Protein I, CM Protein II, and CM Protein III

What are the cell wall proteins?

CM Protein I

Major outer membrane porin protein

Por B Gene

CM Protein I is encoded by?

CM Protein II

Facilitate adherence to phagocytic and epithelial cells

CM Protein III

Blocks serum bactericidal (IgG) action against organisms

Endotoxin

Mediates damage to body tissues and elicit an inflammatory response

Lipopolysaccharide

Endotoxin is made up of?

Lipooligosaccharide

Outer membrane of N. gonorrhoeae is made up of?

Clap

Gonorrhea is also known as?

D

Gonorrhea is also called clap for which reason/s?
A. Clapoir - whorehouse

B. Easily transmissible

C. None of these

D. All of these

LETTER ONLY

Gonorrhea

Acute pyogenic infection of non-ciliated columnar and transitional epithelium

G

What are the symptoms of Gonorrhea among male?

A. Pelvic inflammatory disease

B. Dysuria

C. Purulent discharge

D. Sterility

E. C and D

F. A and B

G. B and C

H. None of these

LETTER ONLY

Dysuria

Painful urination

Flow of seed

Gonorrhea was previously called _____ as the discharge was thought to be semen.

TRUE

Adult female with Gonorrhea are often asymptomatic, hence they are more prone to complication.

TRUE OR FALSE

Total abdominal hysterectomy w/ bilateral Salphingoopherectomy (TAHBSO)

Treatment for female patients with Gonorrhea

Ceftrinaxone/Cephalosphorin

Treatment of Choice for Gonorrhea

Produces penicillinase, and Pen R Gene

WHat are the 2 mechanisms of Penicillin which made Gonorrhea resistant to it?

Producing penicillinase

This mechanism of Penicillin is plasmid mediated.

POSITIVE

BETA LACTAMASE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE. Penicillinase

Pen R Gene

This mechanism of Penicillin is Chromosomal DNA mediated

NEGATIVE

BETA LACTAMASE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE. Pen R Gene

Perihepatitis

Perihepatic infection of the liver

Fitz Hugh Curtis

Perihepatitis is also known as?

Ophthalmia Neonatorium

A gonorrheal form of conjunctivitis

Creed’s Prophylaxis with 1% AgNO3

Treatment for Ophthalmia Neonatorium

Disseminated Gonococcal Infection

Endocarditis, Gonococcal arthritis

Purulent discharge from urethra and endocervix

Specimen of choice for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE. Specimen used for Neisseria gonorrhoeae may not be indicated in the request form.

A

Rectal swab for the detection of N. gonorrhoeae uses Dacron, Rayon, or Cotton with charcoal. Rectal swab must be inserted within 2cm.

A. Only the first statement is true

B. Only the second statement is true

C. Both are true

D. None are true

2 cm

If there are no urethral discharge (for N. gonorrhoeae specimen), swab must be inserted for how many centimeters?

To neutralize the fatty acids present in the cotton

Why is charcoal added to the cotton?

N. gonorrhoeae can be recovered following oral sex

Why do we recover N. gonorrhoeae in oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab?

Room temperature

Storage temperature for N gonorrhoeae?

Dacron, Rayon, Cotton with charcoal

Preffered swab for the collection of N gonorrhoeae specimen

B

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

Thayer Martin Media

A. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

B. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, No Inhibitor for Swarming organisms

C. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Anisomycin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Amphotericin B, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

E. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin and Lincomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

Modified Thayer Martin Media

A. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Amphotericin B, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

B. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin and Lincomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

C. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Anisomycin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

E. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, No Inhibitor for Swarming organisms

E

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

GC-LECT

A. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

B. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, No Inhibitor for Swarming organisms

C. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Anisomycin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Amphotericin B, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

E. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin and Lincomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

New York CIty Media

A. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

B. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, No Inhibitor for Swarming organisms

C. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Anisomycin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Amphotericin B, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

E. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin and Lincomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

C

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

Martin Lewis Media

A. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

B. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, No Inhibitor for Swarming organisms

C. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Anisomycin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Amphotericin B, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

E. Gram Positive Inhibitor: Vancomycin and Lincomycin, Gram Negative Inhibitor: Colistin, Fungal inhibitor: Nystatin, Inhibitor for Swarming organisms: Trimetophrim Lactate

D. must be Amies with Charcoal

All are transport media for N. gonorrhoeae, except:

A. JEMBEC

B. TransGrow

C. Gono-Pak

D. Amies

E. All of these

F. None of these

JEMBEC, TransGrow, and Gono-Pak

Which transport media for Neisseria gonorrhoeae allows direct plating?

Amies with charcoal

Which transport media for Neisseria gonorrhoeae has to be delivered in the laboratory within 6 hours?

B

Which best describes Neisseria meningitidis?

A. Gram positive bean-shaped diplococci

B. Gram negative bean-shaped diplococci

C. Gram positive bean-shaped and dimorphic

D. Gram negative bean-shaped and dimorphic

Meningcoccus

Neisseria meningitidis is also known as?

Capsule

Anti-phagocytic component made up of polysaccharide

Bacterial meningitidis

Abrupt onset of frontal headache, stiff neck, confusion and photophobia

Meningococcemia

Presence of N. meningitidis in the blood with or without meningitis

Waterhouse Friedrichsen Syndrome

Hemorrhagic disease of the adrenal gland because of N. meningitidis

Cerebrospinal fluid

This specimen is used to identify/diagnose bacterial meningitidis.

SPS + 0.1% Gelatin

Anticoagulant used if the sample is blood. (N. meningitidis)

Nasopharyngeal swab

This specimen is used to diagnose carrier stage of N. meningitidis.

Urogenital sites

This specimen can be used to diagnose N. meningitidis when the patient performed oral sex.

C

All are specimen of choice for N. meningitidis except?

A. CSF

B. Blood

C. Oropharyngeal Swab

D. Sputum

E. Nasopharyngeal Swab

F. Urogenital Sites

N. cinerea

To differentiate N. cinerea and N. gonorrhoeae, we can perform culture in BAP. If there is a positive growth in BAP, the organism is present is?

N. cinerea

It is mistaken as N. gonorrhoeae

B

To differentiate N. cinerea and N. gonorrhoeae, we can perform Colistin Susceptibility. Which Neisseria specie is resistant and which is susceptible?

A. Resistant: N. cinerea; Susceptible: N. gonorrhoeae

B. Resistant: N. gonorrhoeae; Susceptible: N. cinerea

N. mucosa

Normal flora of the nasopharynx of young children/adult

Large, mucoid colonies

What are the characteristics of the colonies of N. mucosa?

N. polysaccharea

This Neisseria specie is isolated from throats of healthy children

N. meningitidis

N. polysaccharea is biochemically similar with?

G

All are not the criteria to differentiate N. polysaccharea with N. meningitidis, except?
A. Produce polysaccharide

B. Growth in BAP at 37 deg C

C. Susceptible to Colistin

D. Growth in Nutrient Agar at 35 deg C

E. A and C

F. A and B

G. A and D

H. None of these

N. lactamica

Normal flora of the nasopharynx of infants and children

N. lactamica

Neisseria specie that is mistaken as N. meningitidis

FALSE. N. lactamica is the ONLY specie that can ferment lactose

TRUE or FALSE. N. lactamica is one of the many Neisseria species that can ferment lactose

C

To differentiate N. lactamica from N. meningitidis, we perform lactose fermentation. N. lactamica is lactose fermenter and N. meningitidis is non-lactose fermenter.

A. First statement is true

B. second statement is true

C. Both are true

D. Both are false

Lactose fermentation and ONPG test

What are the ways to differentiate N. lactamica and N. meningitidis?

N. lactamica

Which is positive for ONPG test?

N. weiveri

Normal oral flora of dogs

Following dog bites

N. weiveri can be found in humans when?

A

All are true for N. elongata, except:

A. Normal flora of the lower respiratory tract

B. Rod-shaped

C. Catalase: negative

D. Oxidase: negative

N. sicca

Normal flora of the adult respiratory tract

Dry, wrinkled and breadcrumb-like

Colony characteristics of N. sicca

Neisseria subflava and Neisseria elongata

These are the normal flora of the upper respiratory tract

Pale yellow colonies

Colony characteristics of Neisseria subflava

Yellow colonies

Colony characteristics of Neisseria flavescens

Branhamella catarrhalis

Old name of Moraxella catarrhalis

E. M. catarrhalis has pili

All are true of M. catarrhalis, except:

A. Biologically and morphologically similar to Neisseria

B. Opportunistic pathogen

C. Hockey puck colonies

D. Normal flora of the upper respiratory tract

E. Encapsulated, lacks pili, non-motile