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Life and Works of Rizal

chinese mestizo

a person of muxed chinese and filiipino ancestry

principalia

the ruling and usualy educated upper class in spanish colonial PH

bachiller en artes

bachelor of arts degree bestowed by colleges or universities

spanish cortes

spain’s lawmaking or legislative body

ilustrado

means the enlightened ones or the filipinos educated in europe

masonry

fraternal organization which strives for moral betterment

date and place of birth ni rizal

june 19, 1861 - between eleven and midnight

calamba, laguna

full name of rizal

dr. jose protacio rizal mercado y alonzo realonda

where was he licensed in medicine

universidad central de madrid

why was his name jose

his mother is a devotee of christian saint: san jose or st. joseph

where did protacio come from

from gervacio p. christian calendar

where did mercado come from

from domingo lamco, paternal great great grandfather of rizal that means market

what does rizal name mean

from ricial which means a field where wheat, cut while still green, sprouts again

where did alonzo come from

old surname of his mother

where did realonda come from

from surname of dona teodora’s godmother

when was rizal baptised and by who

june 22, 1861

father rufino collantes

godfather of rizal

father pedro casanas

governor general of the PH when rizal was born

lieutenant-general jose lemery

nickname of rizal and why

pepe from saint joseph who has P.P. in his name for Padre Putativo which means recognatized father of jesus christ. Since P is pronounced Pe in spanish, it would be read as pepe

who is rizal’s father and what did he study

don francisco mercado (1818-1898), studied latin and philosophy at college of san jose in manila

rizal’s dog

usman

who is rizal’s mother and where did she study

dona teodora alonzo realonda, born on november 8, 1826 in manila. studied literature at college of santa rosa. she was deemed fortitude of spartan woman. she was jailed for 2 and a half years for poisoning her sister-in-law and made her walk 50 kms.

tell everything about rizal’s farm

it was 380 hectares in hacienda de calamba that was owned by the dominican friars. they have a three-third system (terciahan) for easier collection of debt: hacienderos, inquilinos, and sharecroppers

explain rizal’s family tree

father’s side - chinese

domingo lamco and ines dela rosa - had 13 children and francisco was youngest

mother’s side - japanese

eugenio ursua and benigna - had 5 children and teodora was the second

summarize his life in calamba

• calamba was named after a big native jar

• un recuerdo a mi pueblo (in memory of my town) - poem written when he was 15 years old in ateneo

• death of little concha - his first sorrow. she was 3, he was 4.

• when he was 5, was able to read the spanish family bible

• sa aking mga kabata (to my fellow children) - poem he wrote when he was 8, “ang hindi magmahal sa sariling wika ay higit pa sa hayop at malansang isda”

Explain the influencer/s rizal

tio jose alberto - love for arts

tio manuel - physical strength

tio gregorio - love for reading and books

mother, teodora - religiosity, high sense of sacrifice, love for arts

sisters - respectful and kind to women

father leoncio lopez - intellectual honesty, scholarships

father francisco - love of work, value of respect, independent thinking

paciano - justice and freedom

Explain his early education in calamba and binan

• maestro celestino - first tutor

• maestro lucas padua - second tutor

• leon monroy - taught him spanish and latin

• maestro justiniano aquino cruz - private school teacher in binan

• andres salandanan - asked him for an arm wrestling match

• the favorite painters of the class

explain rizal’s daily life in binan

• woke up at 4 am for mass

• went home at 10 am

• went to school at 2 pm - 5 pm

explain the martyrdom of gomburza

• execution of fathers mariano gomez, jose burgos, jacinto zamora

• february 17, 1872 at sunrise by governor general izquierdo

• inspired him to write his 2nd novel: el filibusterismo

Explain the injustice to rizal’s mother

• suddenly arrested on a malicious charge of poisoning her sister in law, alongside jose alberto

• was jailed for 2 and a half years in their provincial prison

• spanish lieutenant made her walk from calamba to santa cruz (50 kms)

• her lawyers: francisco de marcaida and manuel marzan

explain rizal’s escuela pia

• escuela pia - school for poor boys

• escuela pia - ateneo municipal - ateneo de manila

• father magin ferrando - school registrar refuse to admit rizal because of late enrollment and he looks sickly and undersize for his age

• father xerez burgos - nephew of father burgos, stepped in for rizal

• rizal changed his surname to rizal because the name mercado is becoming suspicious to spanish authorities

jesuits system of education

roman empire : internos or boarders, blue and carthaginians : externos or non-boarders, red

Emperors - the best student

Tribunes - 2nd best

Decurion - 3rd

Centurion - 4th

Stand-bearer - 5th

rizal persuaded his father to buy him set of historical work that was a great aid to his studies

universal history by cesar cantu

a german-scientist who visited the ph who wrote travels in the philippines

dr feodor jagor

• a great educator and scholar, one of rizal’s professor who inspired him to study harder and write poetry

• rizal described this jesuit prof as “model of uprightness, earnestness, and love for the advancement of his people”

padre francisco de paula sanchez

commencement day, rizal at 16 yo. received from ateneo municipal the degree of “bachelor of arts” with highest honors

march 23, 1877

the first poem he wrote during his days in ateneo dedicated to his mother on her birthday; rizal wrote it before he was 14 yrs old

mi primera inspiracion (my first inspiration)

a tender poem in honor of calamba, the hero’s natal town

un recuerdo a mi pablo (in memory of my town)

Studies at University of Santo Tomas

• he studied philosophy & letters for 1 year (april 1877-1878) because his father liked it and he’s uncertain of what career to pursue.

• Father Pablo Ramon : Rector of ateneo unable to advice him because he was in Mindanao but he’s the one who advised Rizal to take medicine (ophthalmologist)

• Artistic Literary Lyceum of Manila : a society for literary men and artists held a contest where Rizal made his poem - A La Juventud Filipina (To the filipino youth).

• A La Juventud Filipina (to the filipino youth) - poem rizal wrote at 18 yo. It was a great spanish poem written by a filipino and first time filipinos are the fair hope of the fatherland

• companerismo / comradeship - rizal founded a secret society of filipino students at UST in 1880

unhappy days at UST

• dominican friars were hostile to him

• filipinos are racially discriminated by spaniards

• teaching was obsolete and repressive

sunny spain (1882-1885)

• rizal continued his studies in spain, universidad centro de madrid

• secret mission - keenly observed the life and culture, government and laws, of Europe so that he could find a way how to free the oppressed filipinos that are still under spanish colony

• jose mercado - a cousin from binan, used this name as undercover so that he won’t be noticed by spanish authorities.

• may 3, 1882 - rizal departured for spain, salvadora bound to singapore

naples and marseilles

rizal went to chateau d’if where dante was imprisoned, main character of the book: count of monte cristo

life at barcelona

• love of country - his first article written on spanish soil, published on diariong tagalog. he wrote it in spanish then translated to tagalog by marcelo h del pilar. he used the pen name laong laan. august 20, 1882.

• diariong tagalog - first billingual newspaper in manila, spanish and tagalog

pure blooded spanish

creole

life in madrid

• hispano-philippine circle : society for spanish and filipinos that he joined in 1882. it was founded by juan atayde, a creole or pure blooded spanish not born in spain.

• uncle tom’s cabin and the wandering jew: his inspiration for the 2 novels and the reason he gained sympathy for the oppressed

visit to paris

• lodge solidaridad: he transferred and became a master mason on november 15, 1890

• national exposition of fine arts: rizal made a speech (BRINDIS) for juan luna’s spoliarium and hidalgo’s painting

paris to berlin

• maximo viola: lent him 300 pesos to publish noli me tangere

• posed for luna’s paintings: the death of cleopatra as egyptian priest and the blood compact as sikatuna

exile to dapitan

• captain riciardo carnicero - let him explore the city but still had to report to him every week

• george taufer - heard about rizal’s ophthalmology and traveled from hongkong to ph with his adopted daughter josephine bracket which fell in love with rizal. they lived in the octagonal house but couldn’t get married as father obach refused to because of rizal’s refusal to take back his statements about the church.

• dr pio valenzuela - went to dapitan to tell rizal about the found of katipunan. rizal refused to be apart of it as it’s not a well-planned movement and there were no sufficient arms.

• gov. general blanco - rizal wrote to him for review of his case and if he did not agree to his terms, rizal asked to become a surgeon for spanish soldiers in cuban revolution.

• gov. general despujol - stopped rizal from going to cuba and said there was an order for him to go back to manila. rizal was then sent to fort santiago

trial and execution

• nov 20, 1896 - trial began. he was guilty of conspiracy, rebellion, rendition

• lt. luis traviel de andrade - his lawyer

• dec 28, 1896 - gov gen camilo de polavieja signed the court decision for rizal’s death sentence

• dec 29, 1896 - his family visited him and he gave trinidad his lamp and said there’s something inside

• mi ultimo adios - his longest poem with 22 stanzas, his final farewell to filipinos

• dec 30, 1896 6:30 am - he walked to bagumbayan (luneta) and was shot with his final words being “consummatum est!” (it’s finished!)