US History EOC Review

Who was the first state to secede?

South Carolina

When did the civil war officially end?

General Robert Lee surrendered to Ulysses S grant

What was Lincolns Plan?

• moderate agreement to have 10% of voters accept to rejoin the union

• Full pardon of Southerners, and didn’t protect freedmen

Wade - Davis bill

• Bill Congress tried to pass but was vetoed by Lincoln

• Required 50% of voters

• Didn’t pardon Southerners and banned them from office

• protected freedmen

scalawags

white southerners willing to embrace change

carpetbaggers

northerners who went to the south to invent/ take advantage the government in the south

Radical reconstruction, what was it, and who was the president at the time?

Andrew Johnson lost to Ulysses Grant, when he took over the south and was put under military rule to establish order

• congress was making sure freedmen were granted their rights

Dawes Plan

Plan made by Charles Dawes to loan money to Germany so they could recover and reworked the reparations

Why were neutrality acts passed?

They were designed to keep the U.S. out of WWII

What major event caused The United States to join WWII?

Japans attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii killing hundreds of people

Kellogg-Briand Pact

• was a treaty to outlaw war

• had no penalties, and nations shouldn’t use war as an instrument policy

• failed, nations would engage in defensive wars

What did the open door policy establish?

The open-door policy was made so that all nations had equal trade access with China

What agreement was signed by the US, France, Japan, and Great Britain at the Washington Naval Conference? What was the purpose?

Four Power Treaty, agreed to respect each other’s territories and rights in the Pacific and made sure that no country would be obligated to engage in no conflict but would be a way to discuss any issues arose

Washington Naval Conference

Why did Woodrow Wilson create The League of Nation?

was an organization of nations was to prevent aggression and protect peace

Treaty of Versailles

The main goal of the Chinese exclusion act was to

decrease Chinese immigration

PART A- The Japanese were outraged because of what San Francisco did

San Francisco school board segregated Japanese kids putting them in special schools

PART B - What was the outcome of this outrage

Theodore Roosevelt jumped in and convinced the school to change its policy and made an agreement with the Japanese, called Gentlemen agreement unofficially ending immigration from Japan.

Immigration Act of 1917

required immigrations to know how to read and write in their own language, and denied entry to anarchists, alcoholics, etc

Immigration Act of 1921

turning point, numerical limit on immigration only limited to Eastern and Southern Europe banned any other immigrants from other nations to come

What was the goal of the immigration laws of 1917 and 1921

Limit immigration from eastern and southern Europe

What was the quota system in the 1920s

restricted number of immigrants into U.S from certain nations

What did Chinese immigrants seek in CA

gold rush, working on transcontinental railroad, and mining

Political bosses (Political machines) helped immigrants in return

they got their votes

Who published the book “How The Other Half Lives”? What did the book led to?

Jacob Riis, lead to reforms and improvements

Immigration Act of 1882

50 cents per immigrant, banned any convicts or lunatics that couldn’t take care of themselves without becoming public charge (depending on government support)

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti and why are they important?

Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian-born anarchists arrested for armed robbery and murder, a guilty bias judge had their cases and was sentenced, they were later on executed

What happened during the palmer raid?

thousands of suspected anarchists and communist were arrested and deported

What caused the palmer raid to start?

letter bombs being sent by anarchists to attorney general Michell Palmer and around the city

Nativism

idea immigrants and their culture is undesirable

what was demobilization in the 1920s?

Soldiers were returning home from the war and the economic shift back to use, women were being sent back to domestic roles, short depression period

“Return to normalcy” was what presidents campaign slogan

Warren G. Harding

Neutrality Act of 1937

forbid U.S ships from carrying passenger, and goods to nations at war, forbid travels of nations at war

FDR convinced Congress to pass an act that allowed sell of nonmilitary goods for cash and the nation had to provide thier own ship

Cash and carry act

What started WWII?

When Germany invaded Poland so Britain and France went to war to defend Poland

Germany launched what against Poland

Blitzkrieg, lightening war quick and violent attack

Neutrality Act of 1939

FDR pushed to expand Cash and Carry Act to weapons

Lend Lease Act

allowed sending arms to British for free being paid later on in the future, most the weapons never got paid back

What were the goals of Atlantic Charter?

Freedom of seas trade, people’s right to self determination, freedom from fear and want

What did FDR do to prevent Japan from invading the Dutch East Indies?

Announced an embargo on Japan restricting another nations trade and denying material it needs to wage war

General Togo sent fleets to Hawaii and do what

To bomb Pearl Harbor trying to take out their navy so recovery would be hard and they couldn’t fight in the war

What is imperialism?

Imperialism is when a country rules over foreign areas

Causes of the Spanish American war

sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor yellow journalism blamed Spain, De Lome letter expressing his disappointment with McKinley this letter fueled public support for war

Consequences of Spanish American war

U.S. annexed the former Spanish colonies Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, Cuba remained independent but came under indirect U.S control

What role did Cuban-American communities in Florida play in the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?

They contributed money to Jose Marti and other Cuban revolutionaries resisting Spain.

What were Booker T. Washington ideology?

urged African Americans just to seek vocational training for the moment and economic independence instead political and social equality with white people

What were W. E. B. Du Bois ideology?

favored immediate struggle for full civil rights, believed education was essential for social and human advancement and helped to found the NAACP

The 18 amendment and Volstead At introduce what?

Prohibition, banning alcoholic beverages

19th amendment

gave women the right to vote

What were Marcus Garvey ideologies?

encouraged negros to rely more on themselves and to separate from whites, believed Africans should return to Africa and should be a one-party state ran by him

Ho Chi Minh

Communist ruler who formed Vietminh to win vietnam independence from foreign rule

Geneva accords

Temporarily divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel

What was the free speech movement?

What were the south and north in Vietnam?

The north was communist the leader being Ho Chi Minh and southwest was democratic strong ties with United States

Eisenhower dominos theory said

That U.S support of south Vietnam was critical because if it fell to communist the nations in the region would fall too

What are labor unions?

Organization that are formed by workers or farmers that strive for better working conditions or wages

150 acres for those who farmed for 5 years

Homestead act

Marbury v. Madison

Established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review, which gives the court the authority to determine if laws are constitutional.

gideon v wainwright

that established the right of criminal defendants to have counsel appointed to them

Monroe Doctrine

Warned Europe to stay in their hemisphere or ELSE president James Monroe

Foreign policy during Cold War 1947 1989

was devoted to containing communism

21 amendment

Overturned 18 amendment allowing drinking

Medicare

people 65 or older

Why did Kennedy sent military advisers into south Vietnam?

Was there to support the southern Vietnam

When Kennedy was assassinated who took over?

His vice president Lyndon Johnson

Teapot dome scandal

1920s political scandal that involve Warren G Harding administration involve brides paid to secretary of interior by oil tycoons

What was the main impact of the Teapot Dome scandal

Supreme Court prove the charges and ruled permissions were illegally Obtainined and oil must be returned to the Navy

Gulf of Tonkin incident

North Vietnamese ship fired on US ship in the gulf of Tonkin not sure if it’s true, but johnson used that as an excuse for military involvement in region

Settlement house

Community Center providing assistance to residence

Gulf of Tonkin incident Resolution

Gave president whatever power was necessary to protect American interest in region not declared war

Uncle Tom’s cabin

Harriet’s best selling novel portrayed slavery as evil And also grow abolitionist movement

Kansas, Nebraska act

Repelled Missouri’s compromise, determine whether Kansas and Nebraska be a slave state using popular sovereignty

Did Congress ever declare war on Vietnam true or false?

False been fighting for 20 years but never declared war

Missouri compromise

Missouri was a slave state while Maine was a free state. Anything worth of 3630 would be free.

Compromise of 1850

California is a free state now slavery is abolished in DC Texas is a slave state now they need this balance

Scopes monkey trial

Sculpt was arrested for teaching evolution in classroom scopes was found guilty and fine, but Supreme Court overturned it

Volstead act

A law that prohibited any transportation of alcoholic drinks are having any

Wagner act

US labor law that Guarantee right for employees signed by FDR

Credibility gap

The president was lying about the progress of the war, but we can see it for ourselves on the television

Tet Offensive

Massive surprise attack carried out by Northviet on US

INF agreement

Reagan doctrine

Pledged that US was support any world regime that was anti-communism

Iran contra affair

US secretly sold weapons to Iran in order to aid their efforts to eat the contras in Nicaragua

The Cold War ended when what happened

East Germans leader was Force out of power and later tore down the Berlin wall

Truman doctrine

Providing any support for countries threanted by communism

Korean War

Japanese Conley right before ww2 but was divided at the 30 parallel North Koreans invented South Koreans generel douglus mcauther pushed back the north all the way to china