The Renaissance, Northern Renaissance, and Reformations

Renaissance

A rebirth of learning that produces many great works of art and literature, lasting from 1300 to 1600.

Humanism

The intellectual movement focused on human achievements, classical history, literature, and philosophy.

Patron

A financial supporter of artists; church leaders and wealthy merchants were patrons in the Renaissance.

Vernacular

The native language of a specific population, used by writers during the Renaissance to promote self-expression.

Secularism

The principle of separating church and state; Renaissance society was primarily worldly and enjoyed earthly pleasures.

The Courtier

A book by Baldassare Castiglione that teaches how to become a 'Renaissance man', excelling in many fields.

The Prince

A political guidebook by Niccolò Machiavelli that examines how rulers can gain and keep power.

95 Theses

Martin Luther's list of propositions for an argument against the selling of indulgences, initiated the Reformation.

Indulgences

Payments made to the Church as a pardon, releasing a person from a penalty for sin.

Edict of Worms

A decree issued by Charles V declaring Martin Luther a heretic, banning his writings.

Peace of Augsburg

A treaty allowing each prince in Germany to decide the religion of his own state.

Printing Press

An invention that helped spread Renaissance ideas and facilitated the Reformation by making texts more accessible.

Christian Humanism

A movement that combined humanist principles with a focus on reforming the church and society based on Judeo-Christian values.

Isabella d'Este

A notable female patron of the arts during the Renaissance, known for her influence in Mantua.

Albrecht Dürer

A German painter known for his woodcuts and engravings that emphasize realism.

Boccaccio

An Italian writer best known for the 'Decameron', a collection of stories written during the plague.

Desiderius Erasmus

Best known Christian humanist, criticized the Church through his work 'The Praise of Folly'.

William Shakespeare

An acclaimed playwright from the Renaissance known for his influential works performed at London's Globe Theatre.

The Courtier

A book by Baldassare Castiglione that teaches the qualities of a 'Renaissance man'.

Ghetto

A neighborhood specifically designated for Jews.

Machiavelli

Author of 'The Prince', a political guide that discusses how to gain and maintain power.

Michelangelo

Renaissance artist famous for painting the Sistine Chapel and sculpting figures based on Greek gods.

Leonardo da Vinci

A polymath of the Renaissance known for his art, inventions, and anatomical studies.

What is the Renaissance?

A rebirth of learning and art from 1300 to 1600.

The ________ was a significant invention during the Renaissance that helped in the spread of knowledge.

Printing Press

Renaissance artists aimed to humanize their subjects through the study of ________ and nature.

anatomy

The ________ is a political treatise by Niccolò Machiavelli about power and governance.

The Prince

________ was a famous female patron of the Renaissance who played a key role in supporting artists in Mantua.

Isabella d'Este

The ________ describes the practice of selling pardons for sins in exchange for money, which was opposed by Martin Luther.

Indulgences

The ________ was a movement that sought to reform the Church based on humanist principles.

Christian Humanism

The book 'Decameron' was written by ________, a notable Italian writer.

Boccaccio

Humanism revived the study of classical ________ and ________ from ancient Greece and Rome.

literature; philosophy

The term ________ refers to a worldly outlook that emphasizes living life to the fullest, regardless of religious considerations.

Secularism

________ is the principle of separating religious authority from governmental authority, emphasized during the Renaissance.

Secularism

What was the primary focus of Humanism during the Renaissance?

Humanism emphasized the value of human achievements and the study of classical literature and philosophy.

Who is considered the father of Renaissance painting?

Masaccio is often regarded as the father of Renaissance painting for his innovative use of perspective.

What significant impact did the Printing Press have on the Renaissance?

The Printing Press drastically increased the availability of books, making literature and ideas more accessible to the public.

What did Renaissance architecture emphasize?

Renaissance architecture emphasized symmetry, proportion, and the use of classical elements from ancient Greece and Rome.

What major event did the 95 Theses initiate?

The 95 Theses, authored by Martin Luther, sparked the Protestant Reformation.

What is the significance of the Peace of Augsburg?

The Peace of Augsburg allowed German princes to choose the religion of their own states, marking a step toward religious tolerance.

Which work by Erasmus criticized Church practices?

Erasmus's 'The Praise of Folly' criticized the corruption within the Church.

What characteristic defined Renaissance art?

Renaissance art is characterized by realistic human figures and perspectives, focusing on the beauty of the human form.

What was the role of a patron in the Renaissance?

A patron financially supported artists and intellectuals, helping to promote the arts and culture during the Renaissance.

What is the significance of human anatomy in Renaissance art?

The study of human anatomy allowed artists to create more realistic and proportionate representations of the human form.

How did the Renaissance influence literature?

The Renaissance led to a flourishing of literature, focusing on rediscovering ancient works from Greece and Rome

What was the role of classical texts during the Renaissance?

Classical texts were revived and studied, influencing art, philosophy, and education, inspiring humanist thought.

What impact did the Medici family have on the Renaissance?

The Medici family were powerful patrons of the arts, funding artists and influencing artistic development in Florence.

How did the concept of the 'Renaissance man' reflect societal values?

The 'Renaissance man' ideal reflected the value placed on versatility and the pursuit of knowledge across various fields.