Studied by 7 peopleLandslides
________ or rockslides also can produce distinct scars on slopes.
Crop Rotation
________ helps prevent erosion and reduces the risk of plant diseases and attack by pests.
Spits
________ are sand bars that project into the water from land and curve back toward land in a hook shape.
Mudflows
________ move rapidly and are as dense and damaging as fluid cement.
Erosion
________: the removal of surface mate- rial through the processes of weathering.
Pollution
________ can enter groundwater through infiltration.
Eskers
________ are composed of finer soil and rock material that was sorted and deposited by running water within the glacier.
Unconformities
________: gaps in the rock record during which erosion occurred or deposition was absent.
Physical forces
________ exerted on rocks cause mechanical weathering to occur.
Uniformitarianism
________: states that the laws of nature operate today as they have in the past.
Frost Wedging
________ occurs when water collects in the cracks in a rock and then freezes.
Infiltration
________: the process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.
Raw Materials
The ________ for soil continuously form through the weathering of bedrock below and the addition of organic matter from above.
Broadens
Lateral cutting ________ river valleys and allows for floodplains to develop.
sandbar
A(n) ________ that seals off a bay from the open ocean is called a baymouth bar.
Groundwater
________ is stored in porous rock called aquifers.
Fossils
________ can be direct remains, such as an actual bone or shell.
Mechanical weathering
________ occurs when rocks are broken into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition.
Shorelines
________ commonly lack erosional landforms when they have a thick sediment cover.
velocity
As wind ________ decreases, the load of sediment is dropped.
Pollutants
________ that are spilled or dumped on the ground and even air ________, washed from the air by precipitation, enter groundwater through infiltration.
Deposition
________: When a transporting agent drops its load of eroded material.
Porosity
________: the percentage of the materials total volume that is pore space.
valley glaciers
When ________ melt they deposit sediment in characteristic landforms.
Geologic Time Scale
The ________ is based on the appearance and disappearance of certain types of fossils.
Soil
________: a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life.
Geologic Maps
________ are two- dimensional models of Earths crust for a given region.
Aquifer
________: A rock unit that can transmit water through its pore space.
Soil Depletion
________ is most often corrected by the addition of fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorous, or potassium.
Ice
________ moves away in all directions from the highest areas of the ________ sheet.
Relative Dating
________ and absolute dating techniques can be combined to help determine the ages of some fossils.
C horizon
The ________ is partially crumbled and weathered bedrock.
Mass
________ wasting takes place where slopes are overly steep or lacking vegetation.
soluble elements
The process of dissolving ________ and transporting them deeper into the soil is called leaching.
Freshwater
________ moves between the atmosphere, land, and oceans in the water cycle.
Longshore Current
________: The resulting movement of water parallel to the shoreline.
stops infiltration
A rock that slows or ________ is an aquitard.
Absolute Dating
________: the process of assigning a precise numerical age to an organism, object, or event.
Natural Flow Path of Groundwater
The ________ has both horizontal and vertical components.
Soil
a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life
Sediment Transport
the movement of eroded materials from one place to another by water, wind, and/or glaciers
Deposition
When a transporting agent drops its load of eroded material
Drainage Basin
All of the land area that gathers water for a major river
Longshore Current
The resulting movement of water parallel to the shoreline
Infiltration
the process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface
Water Table
the boundary separating the saturated and unsaturated boundaries
Aquifer
A rock unit that can transmit water through its pore space
Porosity
the percentage of the materials total volume that is pore space
Absolute Dating
the process of assigning a precise numerical age to an organism, object, or event
Relative Dating
The process of placing objects or events in their proper sequence in time
Uniformitarianism
states that the laws of nature operate today as they have in the past
Principle of Superposition
in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the oldest rocks will be at the bottom of the sequence and the youngest rocks will be at the top
Unconformities
gaps in the rock record during which erosion occurred or deposition was absent
Fossils
The remains or traces of organisms found in the geologic rock record
Note 
Flashcard (165)