AP Bio Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport System

Acetyl Coenzyme A

What is pyruvate converted to to continue to the citric acid cycle

Oxidized

Pyruvate has to be

Mitochondrial Matrix

Where does the Kreb Cycle take place in

2 Acetyl, CoA, 2NADH, 2CO2

Output of pyruvate to acetyl

Substrate level phosphorylation

The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.

Substrate level phosphorylation

What type of phosphorylation is in the krebs cycle

2 Acetyl CoA

Input of the citric acid cycle

6 NADH, 2FADH2, 2 ATP, 4CO2

Output of the citric acid cycle

Pyruvate, CO2

The citric acid cycle breaks the ___ to ___

oxaloacetate

The acetyl group of acetyl CoA joins the cycle by combining with ___

Oxaloacetate

A four-carbon molecule that binds with the two-carbon acetyl unit of acetyl-CoA to form citric acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle.

Citrate

Acetyl CoA+oxaloactate creates

Citrate, oxaloacetate

The cycle decompose ___ back to ____

NADH, FADH2

____ and ____ produced by the cycle relay electrons extracted from food to the electron transport chain

NADH and FADH2

Powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation

Redox reactions

What is oxidative phosphorylation powered by

Proteins

What are most components in the electron transport

Electrons, O2

____ drop in free energy as they go down the chain and are finally passed to ___

H2O

When passed to O2 what does the electron transport chain form

Reduced, oxidized

The electron transport chain alternates from ____ and ____ states

Accept and donate electrons

What does switching from reduced and oxidized states do

proteins

Electrons are passed though number of

Cytochromes

Whats the main protein that the electrons go through

ATP

Electron transport chain generates no ____ directly

Electron transport system

Breaks the large free-energy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps that release energy in manageable amounts

Proteins, H+

Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes ___ to pump ___

Mitochondrial matrix to intermembrane space

Where does the H+ move from and to

Protein complex

How does the H+ move through the membrane

ATP synthase

Uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ATP

Chemiosmosis

Use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work

Proton-motive force

H+ gradient referred to as this. Energy stored in a H+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis