chemistry II

Balancing Chemical Equations

The process of equalizing the number of atoms of each element in reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Instructions on Balancing

Place coefficients in front of molecules to balance the equation. Show work for clarity.

Examples of Chemical Reactions

Combustion: combination with oxygen, releasing energy; Synthesis: two or more substances form one compound; Decomposition: one compound breaks down into substances; Replacement: atom/group replaces part of a compound.

Properties of Ionic Compounds

High melting points, conduct electricity in solution.

What is the pH Scale?

A scale for measuring how acidic or basic an aqueous substance is, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 as neutral.

Signs of Chemical Reactions

Change in temperature, color change, gas formation, precipitate formation, light emission, odor change.

Law of Conservation of Mass

Mass is conserved during chemical reactions; mass of reactants equals mass of products.

pH Meters

An electronic instrument that accurately measures the acidity of a solution.

Ionic Bonding

An ionic bond occurs when valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another, leading to attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Chemical Reaction Signs

Indicators such as temperature change, gas formation, and color change that signify a chemical reaction has occurred.