Flashcard Biology unit 4 | Quizlet
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18 Terms
categories of most molecules in living organisms
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, they all contain carob
Carbohydrate chemical elements
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Protein chemical elements
all contain carbon oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
Lipid chemical elements
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
What are carbohydrates made of?
long chains of simple sugars (ex. glucose)
What is formed when 2 glucose molecules join together
maltose
what is formed when lots of glucose molecules join
starch, glycogen, cellulose
what are lipids made up of?
tryglycerides
what are lipids made up of?
1 glycerol molecule chemically bonded to 3 fatty acid chai
What are lipids divided into?
fats (solids at room temperature) and oils (liquids at room temperature)
What are proteins made up of?
long chains of amino acids
amino acids type
20 different types, all have the same basic structure but the R group is different in each one. They can be in any order, forming thousands of different proteins
What happens when amino acids join togehter
protein is formed
A small difference in order of amino acids
different protein being formed
what is DNA
the molecule that contains the instructions for the growth and development of all organisms
what does DNA consist of
Two strands of DNA wound around each other in what is called a double helix held together by hydrogen bonds
individual units of DNA
nucleotides
types of base of nucleotides
Adenine(A), Cytosine(C), Thymine(T) and Guanine(G)