ChemH- REDOX reactions

oxidation number

the charge that an atom takes on after either losing or gaining one or more electrons in order to most efficiently stabilize its outermost shell using the least amount of energy

0

any free element has an oxidation number of…

oxidation

the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion

increases

when an atom loses electrons its oxidation number….

reduction

the gain of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion

decreases

when an atom gains electrons its oxidation number….

mass and charge

redox reactions have conservation of…

reducing agent

the reactant being oxidized (electron donor) is called the…

oxidizing agent

the reactant being reduced (electron acceptor) is called the…

0

the sum of the oxidation numbers must equal… in compounds

\-1

Oxygen has an oxidation number of (-----) in peroxides such as H2O2

\+2

Oxygen has an oxidation number of (-----) in Compounds with Flourine such as OF2

\+1

Hydrogen has an oxidation number of (-----) in Compounds with nonmetals

\-1

Hydrogen has an oxidation number of (-----) in Compounds with metal hydrides (LiH, CaH2)

after

If its oxidation the electrons come (before/after) arrow

before

If its reduction the electrons come (before/after) arrow

voltaic cell

uses redox reactions that are spontaneous to produce electricity (chemical→electrical)

anode, -

the electrode that does oxidation is called (---------) and it is the (+/-) terminal

cathode, +

the electrode that does reduction is called (---------) and it is the (+/-) terminal

anode to cathode

electrons always travel through the wire from….

electrolytic cell

the redoc reaction that is nonspontaneous (electrical→ chemical)

electrolysis

the process in which electricity breaks down a compound into its elements

electroplating

a process that requires a layer of metal to coat any object