AP World History - Unit 1.2

Song Dynasty

Chinese dynasty (960-1279 CE) known for technological innovation, economic growth, and cultural achievements

Confucianism

Philosophy emphasizing moral conduct, social harmony, and hierarchical relationships

Filial Piety

Respect and devotion to parents and ancestors

Neo-Confucianism

A “rebirth,” but blend of Confucian and Buddhist thought, dominant in Song China

Champa Rice

Fast-ripening rice from Vietnam that boosted agricultural productivity

Grand Canal

Major waterway linking northern and southern China, linking trade

Meritocracy

Government system selecting officials based on ability via civil service exams

Abbasid Caliphate

Pre-1200 Islamic, Arab-led dynasty focused on administration and cultural preservation. Overtime, fragmented into three different non-Arab factions

House of Wisdom

Baghdad learning center preserving and translating classical works

Proselytize

To attempt to convert others to your religion

Sufism

Mystical Islamic tradition seeking personal union with God

Syncretism

Blending of cultural or religious traditions

Delhi Sultanate

First Islamic government in India, controlling the north

Bhakti Movement

Hindu spiritual movement emphasizing personal connection to one deity. Did not discriminate against women or those of low social status

Theravada Buddhism

Oldest branch of Buddhism, focused on original teachings

Cahokia

Largest Mississippian mound

Chinampas

Aztec floating gardens for farming

Mit’a System

Mandatory public service

Theocracy

Government type - rule by religious leaders

Swahili

Language in Africa which was a blend of Bantu and Arabic

Griots

Storytellers

Feudalism

Political system of land exchange for loyalty

Vassal

Person granted land in return for allegiance

Fief

Land granted by a lord to a vassal

Manorialism

Economic system of self-sufficient estates

Serf

Agricultural laborer bound to a lord’s estate

Three-field system

Crop rotation method to restore soil nutrients

Magna Carta

Document limiting power to kings

Crusades

Christian military campaigns to reclaim the Holy Land

Renaissance

Revival of classical Greek and Roman art, culture, literature, and civic virtue in Europe

Great Schism

Split between Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches