April Exam

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Ozone Layer

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Description and Tags

30 Terms

1

Ozone Layer

A layer of ozone gas in the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs harmful UV radiation from the Sun.

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2

Ozone Depletion

The destruction of ozone molecules, primarily caused by human activities like releasing CFCs, leading to a thinning of the ozone layer.

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3

Montreal Protocol

An international agreement aimed at phasing out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances to protect the ozone layer.

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4

Greenhouse Effect

The process where greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming.

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5

Global Warming Potential (GWP)

A measure comparing the global warming effects of different greenhouse gases to CO2, with CFCs having high GWPs.

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6

Ocean Acidification

The decrease in ocean pH due to increased hydrogen ions, causing shell dissolution and impacting marine ecosystems.

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7

Invasive Species

Organisms introduced to new areas by humans that disrupt ecosystems and outcompete native species.

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8

Habitat Loss

The primary factor contributing to biodiversity loss, often caused by human activities like deforestation and urbanization.

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9

Overharvesting

Depleting populations of species through activities like poaching, leading to ecosystem disruption and species extinction.

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10

Renewable Energy

Energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower that are sustainable and do not deplete natural resources.

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11

Tidal Flow

Water flows into the tidal basin through barrage openings during high tide, with sluice gates or turbines closed.

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12

Ebb Tide

Sluice gates or turbines open during the tide's recession, creating a pressure difference for water to flow out.

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13

Turbine Operation

Ebb tide causes water to flow through turbines connected to generators, converting kinetic energy to mechanical energy.

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14

Electricity Generation

Mechanical energy from turbines is converted to electrical energy for grid distribution or local use.

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15

Tidal Reversal

Sluice gates or turbines close as the tide rises to prevent water re-entry into the basin.

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16

Environmental Considerations

Tidal power plants must consider local ecosystems and marine life impacts.

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17

Active Solar System

Utilizes solar energy through mechanical or electrical devices for energy production.

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18

Collection

Solar panels capture sunlight using photovoltaic cells or solar thermal collectors.

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19

Conversion

Sunlight is converted to electricity directly in photovoltaic systems or to heat energy in solar thermal systems.

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20

Storage

Excess energy is stored in batteries or thermal tanks for use during low sunlight periods.

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21

Distribution

Converted energy is distributed locally or to the grid for consumption.

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22

Monitoring and Control

Sensors and systems optimize energy production and ensure system safety.

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23

Passive Solar Home Design

Uses sunlight for heating, cooling, and lighting by strategic building design.

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24

Photovoltaic Panels

Convert sunlight to electricity through the photovoltaic effect.

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25

Wind Power

Harnesses wind energy through turbines for clean electricity generation.

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26

Geothermal Powerplant

Generates electricity by harnessing heat from the Earth's core.

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27

Hydrogen Powered Car

Converts hydrogen gas to electricity through fuel cells for vehicle operation.

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28

Air Pollution

Sources, types (point, nonpoint, natural, anthropogenic), and pollutants (SO2, PM, lead, O3, NOx, CO, VOCs).

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29

Reducing Air Pollution

Strategies like regulation, conservation, alternative fuels, and technologies (scrubbers, catalytic converters).

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30

Photochemical Smog and Thermal Inversions

NOx creation, health effects, photochemical smog equation, and temperature inversion explanation.

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