#2 [WOMEN] ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System

THIS SYSTEM INCLUDES…

1. OVARIES

2. DUCT SYSTEM

3. EXTERNAL GENITALIA

Duct System in Women

IT INCLUDES…

1. UTERINE (FALLOPIAN) TUBES

2. UTERUS

3. VAGINA

Ovaries

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF WOMEN

THIS PRODUCES EGGS (OVA) AND HORMONES (ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE)

• Each of this houses ovarian follicles

  1. OOCYTE (IMMATURE EGG)

  2. FOLLICLE CELLS (LAYERS OF DIFF. CELLS THAT SURROUND THE OOCYTE)

Primary Follicle

OVARIAN FOLLICLES

THIS CONTAINS AN IMMATURE OOCYTE.

Vesicular (Graafian) Follicle

OVARIAN FOLLICLES

IT IS THE GROWING FOLLICLE WITH A MATURING OOCYTE.

Ovulation

OVARIAN FOLLICLES

THIS FOLLICLE RUPRUTRES WHEN THE EGG IS MATURE AND READY TO BE EJECTED FROM THE OVARY.

• THIS OCCURS ABOUT EVERY 28 DAYS.

Corpus Luteum

OVARIAN FOLLICLES

IT IS THE TRANSFORMED FORM OF RUPTURED FOLLICLE.

Suspensory Ligaments

OVARY SUPPORT

THIS SECURES THE SUPPORTS OVARY AND SECURE THE OVARIES TO THE LATERAL WALLS OF THE PELVIS.

Ovarian Ligaments

OVARY SUPPORT

THIS SUPPORTS THE OVARY, AND ANCHOR OVARIES TO THE UTERUS MEDIALLY.

Broad Ligaments

OVARY SUPPORT

THIS SUPPORTS THE OVARY; A FOLD OF PERITONEUM ENCLOSES AND HOLDS THE OVARIES IN PLACE.

Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes

DUCT SYSTEM IN WOMEN

THIS FORMS THE INITIAL PART OF THE DUCT SYSTEM.

• IT RECEIVES THE OVULATED OOCYTE FROM OVARIES.

• PROVIDE SITE FOR FERTILIZATION

• EMPTY INTO THE UTERUS

• LITTLE/NO CONTACT BETWEEN OVARIES & UTERINE TUBES.

• SUPPORTED AND ENCLOSED BY THE BROAD LIGAMENT

Infundibulum

DUCT SYSTEM FALLOPIAN TUBE STRUCTURE

IT IS DISTAL, HAS A FUNNEL SHAPED END.

Fimbriae

DUCT SYSTEM FALLOPIAN TUBE STRUCTURE

IT HAS A FINGER-LIKE PROJECTIONS OF THE INFUNDIBULUM.

• THIS RECEIVES THE OOCYTE FROM THE OVARY.

• THE CILIA LOCATED INSIDE THE UTERINE TUBE TRANSPORTS THE OOCYTE.

Uterus

DUCT SYSTEM IN WOMEN

IT IS SITUATED BETWEEN THE URINARY BLADDER AND RECTUM.

• IT HAS A SIZE & SHAPE OF A PEAR, IN A WOMAN WHO HAS NEVER BEEN PREGNANT.

• RECEIVES, RETAINS, NOURISHES A FERTILIZED EGG.

Broad Ligament

DUCT SYSTEM UTERINE SUPPORT

THIS SUPPORTS THE UTERINE, AND SUSPENDS THE UTERUS IN THE PELVIS.

Round Ligament

DUCT SYSTEM UTERINE SUPPORT

IT ANCHORS THE UTEROUS ANTERIORLY

Uterosacral Ligament

DUCT SYSTEM UTERINE SUPPORT

THIS ANCHORS THE UTERUS POSTERIORLY.

Body

REGIONS OF THE UTERUS

THIS IS THE MAIN PORTION OF THE UTERUS

Fundus

REGIONS OF THE UTERUS

IT IS THE SUPERIOR ROUNDED REGION ABOVE THE UTERINE TUBE ENTERS.

Cervix

REGIONS OF THE UTERUS

IT IS THE NARROW OUTLET THAT PROTUDES INTO THE VAGINA.

Endometrium

LAYERS OF THE UTERUS

It has…

1. INNER LAYER (MUCOSA)

2. SITE OF IMPLANTATION OF A FERTILIZED EGG

3. SLOUGHS OFF IF NO PREGNANCY OCCURS (MENSTRUATION OR MENSES)

Myometrium

LAYERS OF THE UTERUS

IT HAS A MIDDLE LAYER OF SMOOTH MUSCLE THAT CONTRACTS DURING LABOR.

Perimetrium (Visceral Peritoneum)

LAYERS OF THE UTERUS

IT IS THE OUTERMOST SEROUS LAYER OF THE UTERUS.

Vagina

DUCT SYSTEM IN WOMEN

THIS IS THE PASSAGEWAY THAT EXTENDS FROM CERVIX TO EXTERIOR OF BODY IS LOCATED BETWEEN URINARY BLADDER & RECTUM

• This serves as the CANAL THAT ALLOWS BABY/MENSTRUAL FLOW TO LEAVE BODY.

• FEMALE ORGAN OF COPULATION

• RECEIVES THE PENIS DURING SEXUAL INT.

• HYMAN PARTIALLY CLOSES THE VAGINA UNTIL IT IS RUPTURED

Hymen

DUCT SYSTEM IN WOMEN

THIS IS THE THIN TISSUE AT THE OPENING OF VAGINA, MAY BE TEARED IN FIRST INTERCOURSE.

• PARTIALLY CLOSES THE VAGINA UNTIL IT IS RUPTURED.

Female External Genitalia (Vulva)

This includes…

1. MONS PUBIS

2. LABIA

3. CLITORIS

4. URETHRAL ORIFICE

5. VAGINAL ORIFICE

6. GREATER VESTIBULAR GLANDS

Mons Pubis

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

THIS IS THE FATTY AREA OVERLYING THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS.

• IT IS COVERED WITH PUBIC HAIR AFTER PUBERTY.

Labia

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

THIS ARE THE SKIN FOLDS.

Labia Majora

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

THIS IS THE HAIR-COVERED SKIN FOLDS

• ENCLOSES THE LABIA MINORA

• ALSO ENCLOSES THE VESTIBULE

Labia Minora

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

IT IS THE DELICATE, HAIR FREE FOLDS OF SKIN.

Vestibule

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

IT IS ENCLOSED BY LABIA MAJORA.

• CONTAINS EXTERNAL OPENINGS OF THE URETHRA & VAGINA

Greater Vestibular Glands

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

ONE OF THESE IS FOUND ON EACH SIDE OF THE VAGINA.

• SECRETION LUBRICATES VAGINA DURING INTERCOURSE.

Clitoris

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

THIS CONTAINS ERECTILE TISSUE

• CORRESPONDS TO THE MALE PENIS

• SIMILAR TO PENIS:

  1. HOODED BY A PREPUCE

  2. COMPOSED OF SENSITIVE ERECTILE TISSUE

  3. SWOLLEN WITH BLOOD DURING SEXUAL EXCITEMENT.

• THE CLITORIS LACKS A REPRODUCTIVE DUCT

Perineum

EXTERNAL GENITALIA & FEMALE PERINEUM

IT IS THE DIAMOND SHAPED REGION BETWEEN THE ANTERIOR ENDS OF THE LABIAL FOLDS, ANUS POSTERIRLY AND ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES LATERALLY.

Mammary Glands

IT IS PRESENT IN BOTH SEXES, BUT FUNCTION ONLY IN FEMALES.

• HAS MODIFED SWEAT GLANDS

• FUNCTIONS: PRODUCE MILK TO NOURISH A NEWBORN.

• STIMULATED BY SEX HORMONES (ESTROGENS) TO INCREASE IN SIZE.

Areola

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

IT IS THE CENTRAL PIGMENTED AREA.

Nipple

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

IT IS THE PROTUDING AREA OF AREOLA

Lobes

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURES THAT RADIATE AROUND THE NIPPLE.

Lobules

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

THIS IS LOCATED WITHIN EACH LOBE AND CONTAIN CLUSTERS OF ALVEOLAR GLANDS.

Lactiferous Ducts

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

IT CONNECTS ALVEOLAR GLANDS TO NIPPLE.

Lactiferous Sinus

PARTS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND

IT IS THE DILATED PORTION WHERE MILK ACCUMULATES.