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Great Mosque of Cordoba
c. 786
Cordoba, Spain
Umayyad
Stone masonry
Al-Andalus: Islamic Spain
Major commercial and intellectual hub
Mosque: place of worship and prayer
Temple: church → mosque →church again
Colonnades
Minaret: tower used to call the faithful to prayer, now erased in a square
Another later addition: church in the middle
Eastern gates, piers, decoration, smaller doors, non figurative art
The horseshoe arch, common in the Visigoths
Hypostyle prayer hall: built with recycled columns, two tiered symmetrical arches, magnified
Mihrab (marks the direction of Mecca
Prayer niche: identifies the wall that faces Mecca
Tesserae: small pieces of glass
Intricate calligraphy, arabesque, intertwined foliage
Pyxis of Al-Mughira, Umayyad
c. 968 CE
Ivory
Box for cosmetics, especially for perfume
Four eight lobed medallions: Falconers, wrestlers, griffons, peacocks
Highly unusual figures, but more typical calligraphy, arabesques, and shapes
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