Critical mass
________: when women reach a certain percentage of a legislature, they will be better able to pursue their policy priorities.
Gender quotas
________: legislation of party rules that require a certain percentage of candidates to be women.
Incompetence
________ of the masses: less education, general sophistication, less time to participate in party /union meetings.
Democracy
________: conflict of organized groups competing for support.
Oligarchy
________: the control of a society or an organization by those at the top.
restrictive
Over-deterministic: Michels saw only the ______ side of bureaucracy
Missionaries
________: provided the moral and ideological rationale.
Culture
________: beliefs + attitudes influence the supply and demand for female candidates.
Charismatic leaders
________: they can break through the inherent conservatism of organization and excite the masses to support great things.
concentration
Increased bureaucracy= _____ of power at the top + less power for members.
Supply-side factors
________: increase the number of women with the will and experience to compete against men for political office.
Democracy
________: women are less well represented in democratic systems.
dependency
Goal of colonialism = reduce women to a condition of _______ on their male relatives.
Cultural
_____ barriers to women's use of their political rights: family resistance + illiteracy
Electoral system
PR systems = women do better
Culture
beliefs + attitudes influence the supply and demand for female candidates
Gender quotas
legislation of party rules that require a certain percentage of candidates to be women
Critical mass
when women reach a certain percentage of a legislature, they will be better able to pursue their policy priorities
State
provided legal authority
Missionaries
provided the moral and ideological rationale
Oligarchy
the control of a society or an organization by those at the top
Charismatic leaders
they can break through the inherent conservatism of organization and excite the masses to support great things
Power
capacity to mobilize resources of the society for the attainment of goals for which a general public commitment has been made