Anatomy 6511 Epithelial Tissue 낱말 카드

Parenchyma

What tissue houses cells responsible for function of an organ?

Stroma

What is the supporting tissue of an organ?

Lining of GI tract organs, hollow organs, skin surface (epidermis)

Where are epithelial tissues found?

Aggregated polyhedral (3D)

What is the morphology of epithelial cells?

Extracellular matrix

A small amount of epithelial tissue is found where?

Protection, glandular secretion, barrier (transport across a surface)

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

Active transport

Which type of ion transport goes against the concentration gradient and requires ATP?

Passive diffusion

Which type of ion transport goes down a gradient?

Pinocytosis

What term describes a method of internalizing products/ions into a cell? (also called "cell-drinking")

Function

Epithelial cells have different morphologies depending upon what?

Takes on the shape of the cell

In epithelial tissues, how does a nuclei get its shape?

Simple Squamous

What type of simple epithelia lines vessels and cavities?

Movement of viscera, pinocytosis, secretion of active molecules

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Simple Cuboidal (glands are typically cuboidal)

What type of simple epithelia covers the thyroid glands and ovaries?

Tissue covering, secretion

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Simple Columnar

What type of simple epithelium is found in the lining of the intestines/GI tract?

Protection, lubrication, absorption, secretion

What are the functions of simple columnar epithelium?

Simple squamous

What type of epithelial cell is shown?

Simple cuboidal (height = width)

What type of epithelial cell is shown?

Simple columnar (ciliated)

What type of epithelial cell is shown (pointed to by arrow)?

Epidermis

Where are stratified squamous keratinized epithelial cells found?

Protection, prevents water loss

What is the function of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Dry

Is stratified squamous keratinized epithelium dry or moist?

Keratin

What do stratified squamous keratinized epithelial cells accumulate?

Mouth, esophagus, larynx

Where are stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelial cells found?

Protection, prevents water loss, secretion

What is the function of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Moist

Is stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium cells dry or moist?

Stratified cuboidal

What stratified epithelium is the rarest?

Sweat glands

Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found?

Protection, secretion (sweat)

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Stratified columnar

What is another rare stratified epithelium?

Conjunctiva (eye)

Where is stratified columnar epithelium found?

Protection

What is the function of stratified columnar epithelium?

Bladder and ureters

Where is transitional/urothelium stratified epithelium found?

Protection, distensibility

What is the function of transitional epithelium/urothelium?

Rounded or dome shaped

What is the shape of transitional/urothelium stratified epithelium?

Pseudostratified Columnar (ciliated)

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory system?

Apical surface

In pseudostratified columnar epithelium, all cells do not reach which surface?

Basal lamina

In pseudostratified columnar epithelium, all cells reach which surface?

Non linear

Are the nuclei of pseudostratified columnar epithelium linear or nonlinear?

Falsely stratified

What is characteristic of pseudostratified columnar epitheium?

Protection, secretion, cilia mediated movement (respiratory tract)

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

What type of epithelium is most commonly ciliated?

Basement membrane

What structure anchors epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue?

Support, nutrient diffusion, establishes polarization

What is the function of the basement membrane?

Basal lamina and reticular lamina

What are the two components of the basement membrane?

Avascular

Is the basement membrane vascular or avascular?

Basal lamina

Which layer of the basement membrane is closest to the epithelial cells?

Stratified squamous keratinized

What type of epithelium is shown?

Stratified squamous non-keratinized

What type of epithelium is shown?

Stratified cuboidal

What type of epithelium is shown?

Stratified columnar

What type of epithelium is shown?

Transitional

What type of epithelium is shown?

Pseudostratified columnar

What type of epithelium is shown?

Reticular lamina

Which layer of the basement membrane is closest to the connective tissues?

Sheet like with dense network of fibrils

What is the morphology of the basal laminae?

Electron microscopy

What type of microscopy can you see the basal laminae with?

Collagen (type IV) and glycoproteins (laminin)

What are the components of the basal laminae?

Type IV

Which type of collagen is present in the basal lamina?

Laminin

Which glycoprotein is present in the basal lamina?

Epithelial cells (closer to the basal lamina layer of the basement membrane)

Which cells secrete Type IV collagen and laminin?

Diffuse and fibrous

The reticular laminae is more _________ and __________ than basal laminae.

Collagen (type III and VII)

What are the components of the reticular laminae?

Type III and VII

The reticular laminae is made up of what type of collagen?

Connective Tissue cells

(Closer to reticular lamina of basement membrane)

Which cells secrete Type III and VII collagen?

Blood vessels

What does not penetrate epithelium?

Epithelial cells (basal area)

Nutrients are delivered by diffusion across the basement membrane and taken up by what?

Apical or free surface

What surface has ion transport and pinocytosis?

Avascular

Are epithelial tissues vascular or avascular?

Vascular

Is connective tissue vascular or avascular?

Layer of connective tissue closest to basement membrane (just deep)

Where is the lamina propria located?

Supports epithelium by nutrient diffusion

What is the function of the lamina propria?

Papilla

The lamina propria has a lot of what on its surface?

Lamina propria

What is labeled 1?

Intercellular junctions

What anchors epithelial cells to one another?

Prevents flow and allows communication

What is the function of the intercellular junctions?

Cohesive

The cells in the intercellular junction are highly __________.

Mechanical stability

The cells in the intracellular junction have strong what?

Electron microscopy

Can you see intercellular junctions using light microscopy, electron microscopy, or both?

Zonula occludens, Zonula adherens, Desmosome (macula adherens), Gap junction, Hemidesmosome

What are the 5 intercellular junctions from most apical to most basal?

Zonulae Occludens (tight junctions)

Which intercellular junction is the most apical?

Prevent flow through

What is the function of the zonulae occludens/tight junctions?

Sheets of epithelial cells

What does the zona occludens/tight junctions create an appearance of?

Permeability of the tissue

The variability of the zona occludens allows for

Zona adherens

What layer is below the zona occludens?

Adhere adjacent cells together

What is the function of the zonulae adherens?

Actin filaments

The zonulae adherens has the insertion of what to laterally aid in structure?

Terminal web

The zona adherens has the insertion of actin filaments to laterally aid in the structure creating what?

Adhere adjacent cells together

What is the function of desmosomes/macula adherens?

High amount of intermediate fibers

What gives desmosomes their dark, disc-like appearance?

Keratin (intermediate fiber)

What type of filament is found in desmosomes?

Binding epithelial cell to adjacent basal lamina

What is the function of hemidesmosomes?

Basal (only one)

Are hemidesmosomes found on the apical, lateral, or basal surface of a cell?

Integrins

What are the attachement plaques found in hemidesmosomes?

Lamina and collagen type IV

What are the receptor sites for hemidesmosomes?

Lateral

Are gap junctions found on the apical, lateral, or basal surface of a cell?

Intercellular communication

What is the function of gap junctions?

Connexins/Connexons

What proteins make up gap junctions?

Hormones, cAMP, ions

What molecules do gap junctions transfer?

Zona occludens (tight junctions)

What is labeled 1?