Dissection 4 - Scalp and Cranial Meninges

Abducencs n.

CN that runs through the middle of the cavernous sinus and exit the cranium via the superior orbital fissure

Accessory n.

CN who’s rootlets extend from jugular foramen to foramen magnum

Anterior cranial fosssa

Highlighted portion of cranium

Arachnoid fovea

Indentations along sagittal sulcus where arachoid granules reside; Allow CSF to drain from subarachnoid space into venous system

Basilar a.

Joining of L and R vertebral a.; Ascends clivus; Part of circle of Willis

Calvaria

Top portion of skull

Cavernous sinus

_____ → Superior petrosal → Sigmoid → IJV; Drains blood from face/orbit/infratemporal fossa
Alongside the diaphragma sellae

Cerebral v.

V. that channel blood into the dural venous system

Clinoid process

“Slide” leading into foramen magnum

Confluence of sinuses

Where superior sagittal, trasnverse, straight, and occipital sinus meet

Coronal suture

Suture separating frontal bone from parietal bones

Cribiform plate of ethmoid

Where the olfactory bulb and tract lay

Diaphragma sella

Membrane covering sella turcica

Diploe

Spongy bone in cranium

Dural venous sinuses

Dilations between periosteal and meinegeal layers in dura mater

Facial n.

CN that enters internal auditory meatus (more superior)

Falx cerebri

Dura that separates L and R hemispheres of the brain

Foramen magnum

Opening in skull where spinal cord, vertebral a., and spinal accessory roots go through

Foramen ovale

Opening in middle cranium where CN V3 and lesser petrosal n. passes through

Foramen rotundum

Opening in middle cranium where CN V2 passes through

Foramen spinosum

Opening in skull where middle meningeal a. passes through

Glossopharyngeal n., Vagus n., Accessory n.

Nerves that pass through jugular foramen

Epidural hematoma

Pathology caused by severed middle meningeal a.

Subdural hematoma

Pathology caused by severed cerebral v.

Hypoglossal n.

Enters hypoglossal canal; Pass inferiorly and laterally betewen IJV and ICA → Loop around occipital a. → Tongue

Hypophyseal (pituitary) fossa

Bottom of sella turcica where the pituitary gland sits (where pointer is)

Inferior sagittal sinus

______ → Straight → Confluence of sinuses → Transverse → Sigmoid → IJV

Infundibulum

Pituitary stalk; Sticks out of diaphragma sella

Inferior petrosal sinus

______ → IJV

Internal auditory meatus

Opening in petrous portion of temporal bone where CN VII and CN VIII pass through

Internal carotid a.

What enters the cranium via the carotid cana?

Jugular foramen

Foramen where CN IX, X, XI, and IJV pass through

Middle cranial fossa

Name the highlighted part of the cranium

Middle meningeal a.

Branch off the maxillary a. that enters cranium via foramen spinosum

Occipital sinus

_____ → Foramen magnum → Confluence of sinuses

Oculomotor n.

Travel along wall of cavernous sinus and enter orbit via superior orbital fissure; Carries SM and Para/Pre

Olfactory bulbs and tract

Sits on top of cribiform plate

Ophthalmic a.

Branch of ICA that enters the optic canal

Ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular division of CN V

Name the divisions of CN V

Optic n.

Only caries SSA vision

Optic chiasm

Where the L and R optic n. meet

Optic foramina

Cranial opening of optic canal; Adjacent to optic chiasm

Posterior cranial fossa

Name the highlighted part

Sagittal suture

Separates L and R parietal bones on cranium

Sigmoid sinus and sulcus

_____ → IJV

Superior orbital fissure

Opening in orbit where CN III, IV, V1, and VI + superior ophthalmic v. pass to get to orbit

Superior petrosal sinus

_______ → Sigmoid → IJV

Superior sagittal sinus

_____ → Confluence of sinuses → Transverse → Sigmoid → IJV

Tentorium cerebrlli

Dura that separates cerebellum from cerebra

Transverse sinus and sulcus

______ → Sigmoid → IJV

Trigeminal n. and ganglion

CN with a ganglion in the middle cranium

Trochlear n.

Runs along lateral wall of cavernous sinus to exit skull via superior orbital fissure and innervate SO m.

Vestibulocochlear n.

Passes through inferior auditory meatus along with CN VII