medicine in medieval england

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European History

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44 Terms

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dates
1250-1500
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4 main causes
God, astrology, miasma, four humours
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who developed the theory of the 4 humours
hippocrates
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what are the 4 humours
blood, yellow bile, black bile, phlegm
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who developed the theory of opposites
Galen
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give an example of a treatment using the theory of opposites
blood letting, cucumber
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4 main types of treatment
religious, astrological, atmospheric, humoural
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give an example of a religious treatment
pray, pilgrimage, mass, fasting, kings touch
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give an example of astrological treatment
bathing, purging - at the right time
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give an example of an atmospheric treatment
purifying the air, cleaning, herbal remedies
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give an example of humoural treatment
rebalancing humours - purging, diets, cutting
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why did the church have a big impact on medieval medicine
they controlled books and education
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who used women as medics
everyone
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what did women do as ‘medics’
deliver babies, mix herbal remedies, general care
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what medical training did women have
none
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who used a physician as a medic
only the rich
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what medical training did physicians have
10 year medical degree, lots of reading and little practical work
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what procedures did physicians do
urine charts, astrological charts, humoural balancing
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what did apothecarys study from
materia medica
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what procedures can apothecarys do
herbal remedies
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who used an apothecary
not the church, whoever could afford them, cheaper than physicians
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what training did a surgeon have
highly trained in unis
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what procedures could surgeons do
amputations
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why were surgeons not very highly used
very expensive and high risk
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what medical training did a barber surgeon have
none
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what procedures could barber surgeons do
bleeding and teeth pullings
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why did more people use barber surgeons
cheaper
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what buildings were hospitals in
churches and monastries
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who worked in hospitals
nuns and monks with no training
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treatments in hospitals
resting and care and some balancing humours
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examples of bad hygiene in hospitals
beds close, stains
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how many hospitals by 1500
1,100
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who did hospitals turn away
pregnant women and the insane
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when was the black death
1330’s and 1340’s
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how did the black death spread
in infected fleas that were on rats
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symptoms of the black death
fever, buboes, cough up blood, die
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what did people think caused it
miasma or god or astrology misalignment in 1345
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how many deaths a day
300
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what fraction of the population died
1/3
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how did priests think the black death could be prevented
praying, fasts, flagellation
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how did priests think the black death could be treated
confessing sins
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how did physicians think the black death could be prevented
escaping the black death, carrying a posy, not bathing
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how did physicians think the black death could be treated
herbal remedies, lancing buboes
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