Philosophy - Moral Philosophy

Based on the lectures.

Ethics

Rational investigation of good & evil, it is logical, unbiased, and consists of facts that are definitionally coherent.

Moral Relativism

The view that moral judgments are true or false only relative to some particular standpoint (you can’t judge one culture’s morals by the standards of another.)

True or False: All moral facts are only relative to cultures.

False.

Truthmaker

Correspondence of thought bubble with a physical fact.

True or false: Moral truthmakers are material objects.

False.

Hume Is/Out Fallacy

Values do not equal facts.

Meta-Ethics

The area of Ethics that seeks moral truths.

Emotivism/Subjectivism

Statements are meaningless if not empirically observed.

Who said “Emotivism comes from Verification”?

Ludwig Wittgenstein.

A.J. Ayer proposed what?

Verificationism spawned logical positivism.

Are moral statements facts or emotional opinions?

Only emotional opinions.

“Yuck, Murder.” “Yay, Charity” is neither true nor false so it is a…?

Non-cognitive statement.

The truth maker is a physical fact that equals…?

That person’s opinion.

Ludwig Wittgenstein lived from?

1889-1951.

A.J. Ayer lived from?

1910-1989.

Divine Command Theory

God is the source, the truth maker of right and wrong.

Euthyphro 1

Prosecuting the impious is peity.

Euthyphro 2

What’s loved by the Gods?

Euthyphro Dilemma

Being loved by all the Gods makes it Pious.

Why does God command things?

Because God recognizes something about moral things that makes them moral.

God is Love (John 4:8)

Moral not b/c God commanded it, but because of God’s character.

The statement “God is Good'‘ is not praiseworthy because…?

Crude piece of Religion was developed by which academic theologian that abadn

A statement is meaningless if it cannot be empirically observed.

Verificationism.

A moral statement is simply an expression of one’s passion or sentiment.

Emotivism.

he field of ethics that looks for the truthmaker for right or wrong.

Meta-Ethics.

The truthmaker for moral statements is God’s commands.

Divine Command Theory