Colliding Cultures: The Thirteen Colonies and the Development of Early American Society

Flashcards covering key concepts, events, and figures from the early history of the United States based on the lecture notes.

What was a major product driving the economy of the Brazilian colonies during the 18th century?

Sugar was a major product driving the economy of Brazilian colonies.

What unique religious culture developed in Brazil as a result of African and Native spirituality mixed with Catholicism?

A unique religious culture that combined elements of African and Native spirituality with orthodox Catholicism developed in Brazil.

What were quilombos in the context of Brazilian slavery?

Quilombos were free settlements formed by escaped slaves in Brazil.

Who was Elizabeth I and what period did she oversee in England?

Elizabeth I was the monarch who oversaw England's golden age, including trade expansion and literary achievements.

What economic system produced markets and increased English wealth during the expansion of colonies?

Mercantilism was the economic system that produced markets and increased English wealth.

What were the primary motivations for English colonization according to its supporters?

Supporters claimed economic gain, doing God's work, and glorifying England and Protestantism were primary motivations for English colonization.

How did Richard Hakluyt justify English colonization in the New World?

Hakluyt justified English colonization by highlighting religious, moral, and economic benefits,

What happened to the Spanish Armada in 1588 and what was its significance?

The Spanish Armada was destroyed, which secured England's dominance at sea and opened the way for English expansion.

What was the fate of the Roanoke colony established by John White?

The Roanoke colony was found abandoned with the word 'Croatan' carved into a tree.

What product ultimately saved the Jamestown colony from devastation?

Tobacco ultimately saved the Jamestown colony from disaster.

What was the Headright system established in 1618?

The Headright system granted fifty acres of land to any person who migrated to Virginia.

What event marked the beginning of racial slavery in Virginia?

The arrival of a Dutch slave ship carrying twenty Africans to Virginia in 1619 marked the beginning of racial slavery.

How did the Powhatan Confederacy react to the English settlers in Jamestown?

Initially, Powhatan welcomed the English settlers and traded food and goods with them.

What led to the decline of the Powhatan Confederacy's power?

War, disease, and the English colonists' expansion into Powhatan lands led to the decline of the Powhatan Confederacy.

What was the primary societal structure of New England colonists?

New England colonies were mainly composed of family groups and independent landholders.

What was the main religious belief that drove Puritans to establish colonies in New England?

Puritans sought to create a 'City on a Hill' that exemplified Calvinist Christianity.

What were the key features of New England's economy during the colonial period?

New England's economy was based on small farms, fishing, lumber, shipbuilding, and trade.

How did Puritans handle dissent within their communities?

Puritans often punished or banished those who strayed from community norms.

What was the significance of the Great Migration?

The Great Migration saw about twenty thousand Puritans move to New England from 1630 to 1640, significantly shaping the region's culture.

What characterized the social and economic life in the Chesapeake compared to New England?

Chesapeake society was more stratified, focused on agriculture and labor-intensive crops, whereas New England fostered community and independent landholders.