Confidence Intervals and Statisitical Significance

Population

The entire group of all potential patients with a condition

Sample

A selection of parts of a population for a study

What is the minimum amount of a sample size needed to be statistically significant to a population

30

What is the sign of a sufficient sample

Bell Curve

What is the center of the bell curve

Mean

What are the aspects of a bell-curve

Shape

Center

Spread

What is spread of a bell curve

How far a range of values is from the bell-curve using standard deviation

Standard deviation

An average value of how far each data point is from the mean. The higher standard deviation is, the wider the spread 

Variation

The amount of dissimilarity between the data points

What can affect width of a bell curve

1. Variation

2. Sample Size

What is the relationship between sample size, bell-curve, and sampling error

Small Sample = Wide Curve = More room for error

Large Sample = Narrow Curve = Less room for error

Confidence Intervals

An assurance regarding how precise data is in a study

what is the most common confidence interval f

95%

What is the relationship between confidence interval and bell-curve

Higher CI = Wide Bell Curve

What happens if CI is one

Not statistically significant

P value

The measure of evidence against the null hypothesis or that the results happened by chance

What is the most common P value

< 0.05

What is the relationship between P-value and evidence

Smaller P-value means stronger evidence