Exam creation for object-oriented analysis and user interface design

What are the key concepts of Object Oriented Design?

abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

What does UML stand for?

Unified Modeling Language

What is a benefit of using Object-Oriented Design?

Improved code readability and reusability

In OOP, what is the term for a template or blueprint for creating objects?

Class

Which of the following is not a principle of Object-Oriented Programming? Inheritance, Polymorphism, Decomposition, Abstraction

Decomposition

What is polymorphism in OOP?

The ability for different classes to be treated as instances of the same class through inheritance

Which diagram is used to represent the dynamic behavior of a system?

Sequence diagram

What is a relationship where one class is a specialized form of another?

Inheritance

What is the purpose of a use case diagram?

To represent the functionalities provided by a system

What is true about encapsulation?

It allows methods and data to be packed together

What is the primary goal of user interface design?

To ensure the interface is functional and user-friendly

Which of the following is a principle of user interface design? Consistency, Redundancy, Complexity, Ambiguity

Consistency

What is meant by “affordance” in user interface design?

The perceived and actual properties of an object that determine how it can be used

Which type of interface allows users to interact through graphical icons and visual indicators

Graphical User Interface

What is the purpose of usability testing?

To evaluate how easy and intuitive the interface is for users

Which of the following is a common user interface design pattern? Singleton, Facade, Wizard, Factory

Wizard

What is the “Fitts’ Law” in user interface design?

A law that predicts the time required to move to a target area

How does a responsive design benefit user interfaces?

By ensuring interfaces look good on all devices and screen sizes

What is a tool commonly used for prototyping user interfaces?

Sketch

What is a wireframe in user inteface design?

A schematic or blueprint for a web page

What is the role of system controls in software systems?

To monitor, regulate, and manage system operations

What is an example of a control measure in information systems?

Backup and recovery procedures

What does the acronym ACL stand for in system controls?

Access Control List

Why are audit trails important in system controls?

They help track user activity and system changes for security and compliance

Which of the following is a physical control measure? Encryption, Firewall, Biometrics, Software Updates

Biometrics

What is the purpose of Role-Based Access Control

To restrict system access based on user roles

What is a common method for ensuring data integrity?

Use of primary keys and constraints in databases

How does two-factor authentication add securtity to systems?

By requiring users to provide two forms of identification before accessing the system

Which type of control helps in ensuring that transactions are processed accurately?

Preventative controls

What is a firewall in the context of system controls?

A security system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic

What is the primary purpose of defining system requirements?

To outline the system’s functionality, performance, and constraints

What is a functional requirement?

A requirement that specifies what the system should do

What is an example of a non-functional requirement?

The system must process transactions within three seconds

What is a stakeholder in the context of system requirements?

A person or group that has an interest in the project

What is the purpose of a feasibility study in the context of system requirements?

To evaluate the practicality and viability of the proposed system

Which document is used to formally capture system requirements?

Requirement Specification Document

What is a use case in the context of system requirements?

A scenario that describes how users interact with the system to achieve a goal

How can interviews be useful when gathering requirements?

They allow stakeholders to express their needs and expectations

What is the role of a business analyst in defining system requirements?

To act as a liason between stakeholders and the development team

What is a prototype in the context of system requirements gathering?

A preliminary version of the system used to demonstrate concepts and gether feedback