chemistry - ionic bonding: semester 1

ionic bonding >

a bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom to achieve an octet

ionic bonding is an exchange of _______

electrons

electrons transfer from the _____ electronegative element to the more electronegative element

less

less electronegative = 

metals 

more electronegative =

nonmetal

what is electronegativity?

the ability of an atom to attract electrons to it

what group is the most ionic in nature?

17

why wont noble gases create ionic bonds? 

they already have 8 valence electrons (octet)

how many valence electron can helium have maximum?

2

electronegativity differences can be used to predict if a bond will be _______, polar covalent or ionic

covalent

less than 0.5 is what kind of bond? 

non-polar/covalent 

0.5-2.0 forms what kind of bond?

polar covalent

more than 2.0 forms what kind of bond?

ionic

what do ionic bonding form? 

ionic crystal structures 

describe an ionic crystal structure >

highly organized

what are ionic crystal called?

crystal lattice

lattice energy >

measures bond strength

what are some other names for lattice energy?

salts or formula units

what is lattice energy do? 

it is the energy required to break ionic solid into separate ions 

stability > 

atoms from bonds to reach their lowest potential energy state 

which compound would have the strongest bonding based on lattice energy?

ScN

what else can you use to measure the strength of a bond?

bond length

when melted, molten, or dissolved in water, what can ionic bonds conduct? 

electric current 

why is there an electric current when ionic bonds and water mix?

the orderly arrangement of ions is broken and the ions are free to move around

are ionic bonds soluble?

sometimes

what does soluble mean?

dissolvable 

what kind of melting and boiling points do ionic compounds have?

high

what are ionic bonds at room temperature?

solid

what is bonding in ionic compounds? 

metals and nonmetals 

are there high electronegativity differences in ionic compounds?

yes

what gets all of the electrons?

the nonmetals (the ones with the negatives in the brackets)

in ionic bonding, the atoms go from being neutral to being…

charged

what does the subscript tell you?

how many atoms there are

DON’T FORGET TO DRAW A 8 DOTS ON THE NEGATIVE BRACKETED ATOM