sociology test 1

sociology is defined as the:

systematic study of society and social interaction

Which of the following men coined the term positivism, and is widely considered the father of sociology

Auguste Comte

Define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination

How individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure

Jeremy argued that competition and limited educational resources make it difficult for the average student - perspective?

Conflict

\_____ believed that societies changed as a result of struggles of different social classes and favored \_____.

Karl Marx; Communism

Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based on their belief in a meritocracy?

Emile Durkheim

\_____ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the needs of individuals.

Structural Functionalists

Qualitative sociology can be defined as:

In-depth interviews, focus groups, or analysis of content sources

Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of:

Conflict theory

According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact?

All of the above (a custom, religious belief, law)

Verstehen is defined as:

To understand in a deep way

Lee is researching the 1960s feminist movement by reading articles from the time period and watching documentaries

Secondary data analysis

Reliability is defined as:

How consistent the findings are over time

Which is NOT an example of a sociological hypothesis?

The more CDs Jake buys, the less money he has.

The term interpretive framework can be defined as:

Seeks an in-depth understanding of a topic through observation/interaction

Which is NOT a purpose of the American Sociological Associations code of ethics?

To ensure the financial gain of the researchers

The term value of neutrality is defined as:

Practice of remaining impartial, without judgement

Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice?

Observing study participants without their consent

Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?

Receive confirmation from the field

What was the major ethical lapse of the Tuskegee Experiment?

Not informing the subjects that they had syphilis

A cultural universal is:

A pattern or trait common to all societies

The notion of capitalism, supported in the U.S. society is an example of:

Non-material culture

Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?

A funeral or related practice to honor those who have died

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism?

Helen putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals at a local tribe

The term values can be defined as:

A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the U.S.?

Making eye contact while speaking

What is a difference between a more and a folkway?

Mores carry serious consequences; folkways do not

The term language can be defined as:

a symbolic system through which people communicate and transmit culture

What is the best example of a counter culture?

People who live "off the grid" - no electricity or communication

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?

A teacher taking a cell phone from a student

\_____ societies relied on permanent tool for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation

Agricultural

The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as the "dawn of civilization" because

Cities and towns were established, increasing more time for leisure

Place the following societies in chronological order

hunter-gatherer; pastoral; horticultural; agricultural

If a young girl in a family is expected to take on the cooking and cleaning roles while her mother is at work this is:

ascribed status

Functionalist Emile Durkheim viewed society as:

each portion plays a vital role in the stability of the society

Alienation is defined as:

the condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from society

A judge and their gavel. A cop and their gun. A lawyer and their power suit - which theorist would be interested in this?

Symbolic internationalist

Durkheim defined \_____ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society

Collective conscience

As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because

All of the above (collective norms were weakened, specialization of labor led to alienation, society no longer has the support of the collective consciousness)

Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between:

The proletariat taking the means of production for the bourgeois

Charles Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that:

People base their images on how they think other people see them