other neuro

icp can increased by

cerebral neoplasm, contusion, abscess, or cerebral edema

vaosogenic cerebal edema

coma

headache

increase icp ss

ipilaterla pupil dilation

change loc

Cushing’s triad, consisting of increasing systolic pressure (widening pulse pressure), bradycardia with a full and bounding pulse, and irregular rr,

changes in motor ability.

A contralateral (opposite side of the mass lesion) hemiparesis

headache

vomiting

decorticate postue

care of increase icp

hypertonic saline

cortico

reduce swelling

is in a hypermetabolic and hypercatabolic state that increases the need for glucose to provide the necessary fuel for metabolism of the injured brain-maintain oral intake

scalp lacerqtion

associated with profuse bleeding. The major complications associated with scalp laceration are blood loss and infection

skull fracture

cranial nerve damage and leakage of CSF. CSF rhinorrhea

concussion

disruption in LOC, amnesia regarding the event (retrograde amnesia), and headache

post concusion syndrome

2wk-2m

include persistent headache, lethargy, personality and behavioural changes, shortened attention span, decreased short-term memory, and changes in intellectual ability

diffuse axonal injury

decreased LOC, increased ICP, decerebration or decortication, and global cerebral edema

focal injury

lacerations, contusions, hematomas, and cranial nerve injuries

contusion

, frequently occurring near the site of a skull fracture, is the bruising of the brain tissue within a focal area.

contre coup

occurs because of mass movement of the brain inside the skull

epidural hematoma

between skull and dura

include unconsciousness at the scene, with a brief lucid interval followed by a decrease in LOC. Other symptoms may be a headache, nausea and vomiting, or focal findings

subdrual hemtoma

increased ICP and include decreasing LOC and headacheb

brain tumor

Headache is a common problem.

Tumour-related headaches tend to be worse at night and may awaken the patient. The headaches are usually dull and constant but occasionally throbbing.

Seizures are common in gliomas and brain metastases. Brain tumours can cause nausea and vomiting from increased ICP. Cognitive dysfunction, including memory

personality change, muscle weaakness, sensory loss, aphasaia

hydrocephalus

meningitis ss

Fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, and nuchal rigidity

degrees and extension of the knee cause pain

positive Brudzinski sign (flexion of the patient’s neck causes flexion of the patient’s hips and knees), photophobia, a decreased LOC, and signs of increased

meneigitis complication

increase icp

cranial nerve irritation;papilladema, blindness

Hemiparesis, aphasia, and hemianopia

Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome is a complication of meningococcal meningitis. The syndrome is manifested by petechiae, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), adrenal hemorrhage, and circulatory collapse. DIC and shock

menigitis care

Codeine provides some pain relief without undue sedation for

delirious, additional low lighting may be necessary to decrease hallucinations.

manage fever

anticonvulsant-sz

assess dehydraation

abx

enceophalsitis

inflammation of the brain, is a serious and sometimes fatal disease

ss encephalistis

fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting. It can be acute or subacute

Virtually any CNS abnormality can occur, including hemiparesis, tremors, seizures, cranial nerve palsies, personality changes, memory impairment, amnesia, and aphasia

encephalistis care

rest

tylebil

anticonvulsant

brqin abcess

nifestations are similar to those of meningitis and encephalitis and include headache, fever, and nausea and vomiting.

Signs of increased ICP may include drowsiness, confusi