The 1100-1101 Crusades

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Which two European states officially joined the Crusades?

The republics of Pisa and Venice.

What was required for the preparation of the Crusades?

Construction of fleets, assembling soldiers, supplies, and money.

How many ships did Pisa launch for the Crusades in 1098?

A fleet of 120 ships.

Who led the large Venetian fleet in July of 1099?

The Doge of Venice.

What significant event did the Venetian fleet assist with in 1099?

Helping Baldwin capture Haifa for the Franks.

What prompted many knights and soldiers to join the Crusades?

The sweeping success of the First Crusade.

Who was Stephen of Blois?

A famous deserter of the Crusades who was rebuked by his family.

What did the Pope order deserters like Stephen of Blois to do?

Fulfill their pilgrim vow to travel to the Holy Sepulchre.

From where did one of the largest groups of new crusaders come?

Lombardy in northern Italy.

Who led the Lombard crusaders that left in the autumn of 1100?

The Archbishop of Milan.

Which city did the Lombard crusaders pass through to enter Asia?

Constantinople.

What happened to the Lombard crusaders when they met a combined army of Turks in July 1101?

They were destroyed; only a handful survived.

What was the outcome of the Lombard crusaders' campaign to free Bohemond?

They ignored warnings and faced destruction in battle.

Who were some of the major survivors of the battle in July 1101?

Raymond, Stephen, and the Archbishop of Milan.

What was the fate of other crusader armies in Asia Minor?

They were largely crushed before reaching Antioch.

What was the strategic goal of the new kingdom of Jerusalem?

To consolidate holdings and push south and east.

What was the main challenge faced by the new kingdom of Jerusalem?

Survival without additional conquests.

What was a common mistake made by crusader armies after the First Crusade?

Choosing routes that led to their defeat in Asia Minor.