Class 12: Hockey

Bandy

A pre-modern ball-and-stick game played on ice.

Hurling

A pre-modern ball-and-stick game played on ice.

Ricket

A pre-modern ball-and-stick game played on ice.

Ice Polo

A pre-modern ball-and-stick game played on ice.

Oochamkunutk

A game played by the Mi'kmaq people, part of the tradition of Indigenous ball-and-stick games on ice.

First organized hockey game

March 3rd, 1875 at Victoria Skating Rink, Montreal.

Flat wooden disk

What was used in the first organized hockey game instead of a puck.

Origin claims of hockey

Windsor (Nova Scotia), Kingston (Ontario), Montreal, Deline (NWT).

Mythical first game

Debated because many similar games existed and the modern sport evolved regionally.

Stanley Cup

Originally awarded to the amateur hockey champion of the Dominion.

Emergence of professional hockey

Led by financial advantages, elite teams secretly paying players, and demand for high-level play.

First all-professional hockey league

The International Hockey League (1904).

Cyclone Taylor

A notable early professional hockey star.

Ontario Hockey Association

Founded in 1890, it governed amateur hockey and helped form the CAHA.

1907 formation of the NHA

Significant as teams like Montreal Wanderers declared professionalism and led the rise of the pro game.

NHA in 1917

It folded, and teams formed the NHL.

Coloured Hockey League of the Maritimes

A league formed by Black Canadians contributing to the sport's history.

Eva Ault

A pioneer in women's hockey, part of the Ottawa Alerts who won the 1923 OLHA championship.

Original 6

The six NHL teams from 1942-67: Leafs, Red Wings, Rangers, Blackhawks, Canadiens, Bruins.

Hegemony

Dominance by cultural and economic power through consent and control over competition and players.

1936 NHL-CAHA agreement

Gave NHL control over player supply and formalized its professional dominance.

Stanley Cup before NHL exclusivity

Competed for by amateur teams (1893-1908), then pro leagues like the PCHA, NHA, and WHL.

Stanley Cup NHL exclusivity

Became NHL-exclusive in 1927.

Hockey radio broadcasts

Began in 1923 with amateur games on Toronto Star's station.

Hockey Night in Canada

Started in 1931; it nationalized hockey broadcasts and linked media, advertising, and the NHL.

Impact of radio during the Great Depression

Brought the game to isolated families and helped foster national enthusiasm for the sport.

Commercial sport

About delivering the male; marketed to attract male audiences for advertisers.

Consequences of commercializing hockey

Marginalization of amateur/Olympic sports, reinforced masculinity, state involvement in sports.

Summit Series

Highlighted the increasing role of the federal government in sport and physical activity.

Hockey's cultural significance

Part of Canadian national identity through stories, media, and celebration of Olympic victories.

Museums and media's role

Shape hockey's cultural role by choosing which athletes and teams are remembered.

Shift in Canadian sport philosophy

From amateurism and civic promotion to professionalism and market-driven entertainment.

Examples of sport philosophy shift

1936 CAHA-NHL agreement, rise of commercial media, decline of amateur sports visibility.