1.3 Organization of the Brain Diagram | Quizlet

Anatomy of the Brain

Summary of Brain Functions

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Subdivisions of the embryonic brain mnemonic.

Meninges

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater.

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Shock absorber secreted by specialized cells that line the ventricles.

Limbic System

A group of neural structures associated with emotion and memory.

Cerebral Cortex

Outer covering of the cerebral hemispheres.

Hindbrain Location

Coronal plane where the brain meets the spinal cord.

Rhomboencephalon

Hindbrain name. Divides to form the metencephalon and the myelencephalon.

Hindbrain Function

Controls balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion, sleeping and awakeness.

Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

These are what the rhombencephalon divides to form.

Myelencephalon

Becomes the medulla oblongata. Derived from the rhombencephalon.

Medulla Oblongata

The structure formed from the myelencephalon.

TERM

Medulla Oblongata Function

DEFINITION

Breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Metencephalon

Becomes the pons and cerebellum. Derived from the rhombencephalon.

Pons and Cerebellum

Structures formed from the metencephalon.

TERM

Pons

DEFINITION

Contains sensory and motor pathways between the cortex and the medulla.

TERM

Cerebellum

DEFINITION

Part of the brain that controls coordination. Alcohol is known to decrease its function.

TERM

Mesencephalon

DEFINITION

Midbrain name. Does not divide, just remains the mesencephalon.

Midbrain Function

Receives sensory and motor information from the rest of the body. Associated with involuntary functions.

Superior Colliculus

Part of the midbrain, receives visual sensory input.

Inferior Colliculus

Part of the midbrain, receives sensory information from the auditory system.

TERM

Prosencephalon

DEFINITION

Forebrain name. Divides to form the telencephalon and diencephalon.

Forebrain Function

Complex perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral processes. Associated with emotion and memory.

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

These are what the prosencephalon divides to form.

TERM

Telencephalon

DEFINITION

Forms the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and limbic system.

Cerebral Cortex, Basal Ganglia, Limbic System

Structures formed from the telencencephalon.

TERM

Diencephalon

DEFINITION

Forms the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior pituitary gland, and the pineal gland.

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Posterior Pituitary Gland, Pineal Gland

Structures formed from the diencephalon.

Cortical Maps

Created by stimulating parts of the brain and seeing the results.

EEG

Electroencephalogram, which is used in the research of seixures, sleep, and brain lesions.

rCBF

Regional cerebral blood flow, which detects patterns of neural activity based on increased blood flow to different parts of the brain.

PET

Positron emission tomography, in which a radioactive sugar is injected and absorbed by the body and its dispersion and uptake throughout the target tissue is imaged.

fMRI

Functional MRI, which specifically measures changes associated with blood flow.