Hair Skin and Nails

Lanugo

Fine downy hair of a newborn infant.

Vernix caseosa

A thick, cheesy substance that protects the skin of a newborn.

Sebum

An oily substance that holds water in the skin and can produce milia.

Senile purpura

Discoloration of the skin due to increasing capillary fragility in aging adults.

Milia

Small white bumps that typically appear on the nose and other areas of the face, often seen in newborns.

Xerosis

Abnormally dry skin, commonly seen in aging adults.

Macule

A flat, circumscribed area of discoloration less than 1 cm.

Erythema

Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow.

Wheal

A superficial, raised, transient and erythematous lesion, irregular in shape due to edema.

Pustule

A circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus.

Crust

Thickened, dried-out exudate on the skin surface.

Keloid

Benign excess of scar tissue beyond the original injury.

Acne

A common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells.

Ulcer

Deeper depression extending into the dermis with irregular shape, may bleed and leaves a scar.

Fissure

A linear crack in the skin with abrupt edges extending into the dermis.

Nodule

A solid, elevated, hard or soft lesion greater than 1 cm.

Telangiectases

Dilations of small blood vessels, often appearing as red or blue lines on the skin.

Chloasma

A skin condition characterized by brown patches, often related to hormonal changes during pregnancy.

Striae

Stretch marks that appear as linear scars due to rapid skin stretching.

Erythema toxicum

A rash that can appear in newborns, characterized by red, blotchy areas.

Urticaria

Also known as hives, this condition is characterized by raised, itchy welts.