Periodic Trends

ionization energy

ionization energy

The energy needed to remove one or more electrons from a neutral atom to form a positively charged ion

Electronegativity

is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons

Ionic radii

the radius of an atom ion.

Atomic radii

typical distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons.

Francium

Which element has the largest atomic radius?

Fluorine

Which element has the highest electronegativity value?

octet rule

every atom wants to have eight valence electrons in its outermost electron shell.

periodic law (trends)

specific patterns throughout the PT; when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically

increases, decreases

Atomic radius _________ down a group and __________ down across a period.

bigger; electrons

Neutral atom is _________ than a cation (because it lost ___________)

smaller; electrons

Neutral atom is ___________ than an anion (because it gains ___________)

decreases, increases

Ionization energy & Electronegativity __________ down a group and _________ across a period

lose, gain

Metals _________ electrons easily and nonmetals _________ electrons easily - both to be more like a noble gas

Pb, Au, W, Cs

elements (W, Cs, Pb, Au) in order of increasing atomic radii

Cs, W, Au,Pb

elements(W, Cs, Pb, Au) in order of decreasing atomic radii

Mg, Si, S

elements (Si, Mg, S) in order of lowest to highest ionization

S, Si, Mg

elements (Si, Mg, S) in order of highest to lowest ionization

Inert

non-reactive

most metallic group

Group 1-Alkali

most nonmetallic group

Group 17-Halogens